Viabilidade econômica de sistemas fotovoltaicos residenciais de microgeração distribuída de energia solar

Abstract

This paper discusses the economic viability of a residential photovoltaic system for distributed microgeneration, its importance as a sustainable energy source, and its potential impact on household expenses. The current context of solar energy is presented with a focus on recent developments in distributed generation. Additionally, this paper presents and discusses the solar energy market and prospects, considering the implementation of the Legal Framework for Micro and Minigeneration (LFMM) through Law 14,300/2022. Furthermore, this study encompasses an analysis of the financial attractiveness of installing grid-connected photovoltaic systems, considering various relevant factors such as local solar incidence, equipment, and installation costs, as well as the cost of energy supplied by distribution companies. Widely recognized financial indicators, including Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period, and Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE), were used. The findings emphasize the significance of residential photovoltaic systems in reducing household energy expenses and promoting clean and sustainable energy sources.