A importância dos fluxos comerciais inter-regionais do setor agropecuário para os estados brasileiros.

Abstract

In the productive structure of the economy there are activities that can indirectly impact the entire economic system, through variations in its production. In a way the economic development of a region is directly related to productive activities and the way they if related. In this context, the Agricultural sector can be highlighted, because it is an important activity in many Brazilian states, generating employment and income, can stimulate the development of other sectors, through their trade flows. It is worth mentioning that there is a concentration of the production of this activity in the country, especially in ten states that together hold 78.30%. In this way, it is intended to analyze the importance of intersectoral and inter regional trade flows from the Agricultural sector to these states. For this, regional analysis methods will be used, specifically, the production and income multipliers and the hypothetical extraction method will be used, which allows to verify the fall in the total production of economic activities arising from the extraction of the Agricultural sector. In the analysis of production and income multipliers, it was found that the sector has elevated capacity to generate production and income in the economy. It was observed that more than half of the production generated is internalized by the states, being that the Pará, Bahia and Resto do Brazil had the lowest multipliers and the lowest production spillovers. And the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and Santa Catarina had the highest production multipliers and spillovers. As for income multipliers, it was observed that Pará and the rest of Brazil had the highest multipliers and lowest income spillovers. And the smallest multipliers were from Mato Grosso, Rio Grande do Sul and São Paulo, being that the first two had the biggest spillovers. Regarding the results of the extraction method, it was found that from the perspective of purchases, the interregional commercial relations of Agricultural are very low, however, intra-regional trade show yourself is more interdependent, affecting mainly the sectors: Electricity and Gas; Transport, Storage and Mail; Professional, Scientific and Technical Activities; and Commerce, Repair of Vehicles and Motorcycles. In extracting sales from Agricultural, it can be seen that, although the intra-regional effects have also been shown to be more relevant for the sector, inter-regional flows were greater than in relation to purchases, being that inter-regional flows for the states for the South, Southeast and Center-West regions showed themselves more relevant and for the states of Pará and Bahia were smaller. It was found that the largest interregional trade flows are those associated with sales, being that the largest interactions of the sector occur with the sectors of the transformation industry and Food and Accommodation. Therefore, in view of the results, it can be concluded that the Agricultural sector is relevant for all the analyzed states, having greater chain in an intraregional way, presenting greater chain backwards, collaborating for the development of the other sectors of the state. Furthermore, the largest interregional trade flows are those associated with sales, confirming the importance of the sector as a supplier of inputs in the economy.