Diagnóstico ambiental integrado e subsídios ao estabelecimento de metas de qualidade da água na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Jaboatão (PE)
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2002-06-11Autor
Souza, Antonio Donizetti Gonçalves de
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The main subject of the present work was to realize integrate environmental study in the
Jaboatão River, a densely urbanized and industrialized basin, and to offer subsidies to the
establishment of water quality goals. Eight sampling points were established and was
sampling monthly during period from September/97 to February/99. The following variables
were analyzed: temperature, pH, turbidity, conductivity, chlorine, alkalinity, dissolved
oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, fecal coliforms, nitrate, total phosphorus, total solids,
Ca, Mg, Na, K and Fe. The sediments were collected at four sites being analyzed the metals
Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn. Water quality historical data (1986-1996) were also
recovered and analyzed. The following thematic maps were produced: land uses, legal
protection, hydrography, municipal limits, geology, soils, water withdrawals and industrial
sources of pollution. Based on maps of the legal protection areas, water withdrawals and
industries, regions with water uses restrictions were delimited. Within these regions groups
of water bodies were established using guidelines for protection and recovery and proposing
water quality classes based on CONAMA resolution 20/86. The results demonstrate a
condition of environmental degradation as attested to by several water quality variables
analyzed. In the stations representing urbanized areas, the worst water quality conditions
were found, especially in the summer period, resulting from industrial and domestic
effluents. The critical variables were dissolved oxygen, fecal coliformes, and total
phosphorus, placed the area within class 3 and 4 according CONAMA resolution 20/86. Water
use regulation was proposed as a useful tool in beginning discussing of water quality goals
according classification system proposed by the CONAMA resolution 20/86. The approach
presented in this study can be used as a subsidy by public agencies, stakeholders and
citizens responsible for establishing guidelines and effective measures for watershed
protection and recovery.
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