Análise numérica de lajes alveolares protendidas submetidas ao esforço cortante com a presença de aberturas

Abstract

The use of prestressed precast hollow core slabs has intensified as technological advances, and as part is manufactured in industry, this element needs adjustments during its application, as for example, when need openings in the hollow core panels. Therefore, the presente study aims to analyze the structural behavior of the shear test of prestressed hollow core slabs with front openings. For that, a methodology for the shear test was proposed with the ABAQUS® software using the finite element method, seeking the total representation of the manufacturing process and loading of the hollow core panel, from the prestressing application step, prestressing step and final loading step, using the tools available in the software for this. Initially, a reference hollow core slab without openings was modeled for the validation of the methodology and later the methodology was applied to hollow core slabs with central and lateral opening, comparing the results according to experimental studies already presented in the national technical literature. In this way, it was possible to understand the behavior of hollow core slabs with front openings when subjected to the shear test. Finally, the results demonstrated that the openings significantly influence the redistribution of the stresses of the web, and for the hollow core slab with central opening the rupture occurred in the web adjacent to the opening, and for the hollow core slab with lateral opening the rupture occurred in the web the end. Therefore, it was possible to conclude that the openings intensify the main tension stresses of the webs, being responsible for the diagonal tension rupture of the models, in addition to decreasing the resistant capacity of the panels by 27.25% for the case of the central opening and 50, 22% for the most critical case of the lateral opening.