A radiodifusão no Brasil e a ditadura militar : o governo Médici.
Abstract
This research focus on the broadcasting in the context of the military dictatorship in Brazil,
during the government of Emilio Garrastazu Médici. The broadcasting beginning has been
marked by the decurrently transformations of the industrialization process, during 19th. Century.
Beyond the research with transmission waves that had marked this period, the industry brought,
for the scope of the social organization, the reality of the urbanization process, motivated for the
new work relations. The new urban reality constructs, in turn, the ideal scene for mass-media
development. In Brazil this reality is not different, since the first research on transmission waves
occurs at the 20th. Century beginning, in the moment of intense industrial development. At
1930 s, as a consequence of the capitalist perspective of market, the radio incorporates
commercial classification, that influences the appearing of the television in 1950. Then, radio
and TV become private properties with lucrative ends, holding with the government the
prerogative for the concessions of functioning and to be acting in the sector, as well. From
these possibilities, and considering the strategically paper of these vehicles for the social
organization, the government, at different moments and with different objectives, starts to use
them to propagate institutional advertising, even though inaugurate its own networks. This use
intensifies from the military dictatorship establishment, in 1964. The military government that
controlled the national politics during twenty years had massive invested in the structural
development of radio and television networks, beyond using them as mechanism of supporting,
legitimating and propagation of its authoritarian ideology. The imposed bases created from the
military blow at 1964 had served as foundation for Médici government puts under control the
broadcasting vehicles, in order to continuity theirs structural development, to establish the
censorship of the programming, as well as to create an authoritarian legislation that directly
limited the action of the involved ones with the functioning of the broadcasting.