Expansão urbana e formação dos territórios de pobreza em Ribeirão Preto : os bairros surgidos a partir do núcleo colonial Antônio Prado (1887)
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2007-11-26Autor
Silva, Adriana Capretz Borges da
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This paper is aimed at studying the neighborhoods that originated from the Antônio
Prado Colonial Nucleus in the city of Ribeirão Preto in 1887. Meeting the needs of the
coffee complex, the colonials occupied the vacant lands still available in the city. The
purpose of the colonial nucleus was to supply the population with subsistence goods,
attract and set the workforce for the agriculture by means of allotment, but also to
modify the profile of the urban inhabitants. Among the demands to acquire a plot of land,
the candidate should be a foreigner who had an urban job and also be able to construct
his/her won commercial or residential establishment. It was also demanding that the
candidate kept an effective cultivation of the land and afforded the maintenance and
construction of the improvements in his/her plots of land, under the penalty of losing it in
case of breach of the norms established. The two hundred plots that formed the colonial
nucleus were immediately occupied and in 1892, after the payment of the debts by most
of the previous owners, they were subdivided and got into the market of local lands. At
that time, Ribeirão Preto started to testify the development generated by the coffee
monoculture, which stimulated the construction of the urban infrastructure, the arrival of
the railway, and the installation of a network of services related to the coffee complex.
The current urbanism and public health policies, regulated by the "Codes of Conduct",
kept away from the population focuses of contamination such as hospitals, cemeteries,
industries and slaughterer houses, but it also "protected" the city from "undesirable"
people against the maintenance of the new republican elite: poor and sick people, former
slaves, immigrants and transgressors. Thus, the area of Antônio Prado Colonial Nucleus
corresponded to a deposit of everything that should be "made invisible" regarding human
beings and constructions. In face of the segregation imposed by the elites, for whom the
immigrants were desirable for work, but not for social relationships, this study showed
some of the living strategies of the colonial nucleus inhabitants and the ways by which
they modulated an image of themselves and of the city, having the physical space as the
definer of the actions. For that, this paper presents the colonials' horticulture production,
the development of the jobs, industries, commerce, and the rendering of services, and
also religious and associative activities. These were means through which the immigrants
could establish more intensely a brotherhood among themselves. After 120 years, as a
consequence of the segregation, most of the neighborhoods originated from the former
Colonial Nucleus neither grows vertically, nor its plots acquires better prices, although
they are located next to downtown.