Avaliação agronômica de variedades e híbridos de brócolo

Abstract

Broccoli is a vegetable originally cultivated in regions with mild climate, a factor that makes so that its offer may be harmed by climatic variations resulting from the seasons of the year and the growing regions. Cultivars adapted to greater thermal amplitudes are already found in the Brazilian market, however, on a smaller scale, emphasizing the importance of of genetic improvement in the development of tropicalized cultivars that bring innovations to the vegetable market. That said, the present work aimed to evaluate the performance production of experimental hybrids of tropicalized purple broccoli, originated in UFSCar/Araras vegetable genetic improvement program, compared to varieties and commercial hybrids. The test took place in the city of Araras/SP, between 02/03/2020 and 07/08/2020, under a randomized block design with 3 replications and 11 genotypes, totaling 33 plots each consisting of 4 plants. The analyzed cultivars were commercial cultivars Hanapon, Hanabi, Seattle, Piracicaba, Santana, Calabrese and Goliath, and the experimental hybrids named 182, 132, 151 and 401. The mass parameters were evaluated total freshness, number of harvests carried out, number of secondary inflorescences, radius of main and secondary inflorescences, as well as length and diameter of the peduncles major and minor. The results were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test, obtaining means for the genotypes whose differences were compared through the test of Scott-Knott at 5% significance. The results obtained showed the suitability of the hybrids experimental 182, 132, 151 and 401, for planting during the summer in the state of São Paulo. Hybrid 182 stood out, which performed better than the commercial hybrid Hanapon regarding the total fresh mass and the number of secondary inflorescences, being similar to the hybrid Hanabi in these same parameters and, still, not showing segregation for the color and granulometry characteristics. Therefore, it was found that the experimental hybrid 182 is suitable for the growing conditions of the country, configuring a F1 hybrid of tropicalized purple broccoli, a new cultivar for the Brazilian market.