“Às vezes discutimos, às vezes ignoramos”: apropriação da categoria raça e repercussões do racismo nas famílias brasileiras

Abstract

Racism, as a structural and structural system of societies, is present in all aspects and institutions of social life, including the family. This research aimed is to understand appropriation of the race category and repercussions of racism in the family context. The specific objectives are: 1) to assess perceptions of emotional support, parental rejection in childhood and everyday discrimination between white, brown and black people; 2) analyze the appropriation of meanings of being a white or non-white person; 3) analyze the participants' experiences of racism in the family. 215 people participated, aged between 18 and 65 years (M=25 years, SD=9.26), the majority were women (79.6%), white (53.7%), and undergraduate students (61, 6%). All answered an online form with questions about sociodemographic description, phenotypic identification images, Parental Practices Remembrance Scale (EMBU), Everyday Discrimination Scale and an essay question on the appropriation of the race category and another on reports of racism. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 25.0 for Windows, and of them, measures of central tendency (means and standard deviations) and frequencies were calculated. To compare the groups of participants, the MANOVA test was applied. Qualitative data were analyzed based on content analysis, using the Atlas ti software. The result of the MANOVA test indicated that there was no statistically significant difference between white, brown and black people in relation to emotional support and parental rejection. As for the perception of discrimination, there was a statistically significant difference in the Unfair Treatment subscales [X²(2) = 17.360; p<0.001] and Personal Rejection [X²(2)=27.970; p<0.001]. The results indicated that the greatest variability of phenotypes was in the white category, racial identity was categorized into corporeal and symbolic, while family reports indicated who committed the racial violence, actions, duration, consequences and coping strategies. It is expected to contribute to the anti-racist movement by reflecting on socialization and mental health.