Interdependência produtiva e emissões em São Paulo: uma aplicação do método de extração hipotética

Abstract

Due to the generation of greenhouse gases (GHG) in production processes, several methodologies have been applied in order to measure and monitor emissions from countries and regions. In this context, the discussion about the responsibility of emissions is important, by investigating the pollution, not only from the production principle, but also from the consumption, through the demand of other sectors by those characterized as pollution-intensive. Thus, the analysis of the sectorial linkages of the economy allows verifying the direct and indirect flows of pollution. This paper aims to bring an investigation of the dependency structure of São Paulo sectors through an interregional input-output matrix, São Paulo and the rest of Brazil, for the year of 2011. The hypothetical extraction method was used to investigate sectorial relations and the degree of sectorial and regional interdependence. In addition, the responsibility of emissions for São Paulo sectors is analyzed through trade flows. In the results, the sectors which was identified as pollution intensive were Land Transport, Other Transport, Metallurgy, Non- Metallic Mining, and for São Paulo, Agriculture. The sectors that presented the highlight backward linkages were Trade and Services, Other Industries, Chemicals and Food and Beverages. Through the forward effects, the sectors indicated as interdependent were Trade and Services, Other Industries, Energy and Chemicals. It was possible to verify that sectors not characterized as intensive in emissions have significant dependence on sectors determined as intensive, mainly Land Transport.