Avaliação do autocuidado, apoio social e sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas em pessoas com fibromialgia

Abstract

Introduction: Understanding the sociodemographic characteristics, social aspects and self-care of users monitored in health services helps in a more accurate diagnosis and in the development of care plans adapted to the difficulties of each individual. However, this is not what happens with people who suffer from fibromyalgia syndrome (FS), as many health promotion actions are implemented without considering the specifics of the target audience. Objective: To assess the relationship of self-care and social support with sociodemographic variables in people with SF. Methods: This is an observational and cross-sectional study, carried out with 190 participants who met the FS diagnostic criteria of the 2016 American College of Rheumatology, of both genders. The collection took place through an online form that presented: a sociodemographic characterization questionnaire, the Revised Self-Care Agency Scale (Appraisal of Self-Care Agency Scale – Revised -ASAS-R), the Medical Outcomes Social Support Scale Study (Social Support Scale from the Medical Outcomes Study-SSS-MOS) and the Fibromyalgia Knowledge Questionnaire (FKQ). The research was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee (CAAE: 35769020.20000.5504). A descriptive statistical analysis of the data sample was used in which calculations of both absolute and relative frequencies, mean and median, standard deviation were performed, we also performed the mann Whitney test, correlation test (parametric or non-parametric) and linear regression simple Results: There was a weak correlation between age and social support (p=0.004; r=-0.208). Monthly income (p≤0.001; r=0.310) and educational level (p≤0.001; r=0.312) showed a moderate correlation with specific knowledge in SF, indicating that these higher socioeconomic variables infer a better knowledge in SF. Self-care agency showed a weak correlation with educational level p=0.004; r=0.207) and monthly income (p=0.002; r=0.224). Despite these weak correlations, we can deduce that people with a higher educational and socioeconomic level will have a greater agency of self-care. The comparison test revealed that people who have a partner perceive social support better when purchased from those who do not have a partner (p=0.002 ) Relating self-care with social support, we can infer that people with good social support have better self-care (p=<0.001; r=0.44), simple linear regression shows that people with a good perception of social support have 19 % of chances of good self-care practice The correlation of specific knowledge in FH shows a negligible relationship with self-care. Conclusion: Having this in mind, we conclude that people with higher socioeconomic variables infer in better knowledge in FH and self-care agency, we also conclude that the individual has greater knowledge in SF does not indicate that he will have better self-care management, therefore o It is relevant an education focused mainly on this issue of carrying out the practice of self-care, encouraging the implementation of routine habits that will help in coping with the FH and its associated symptoms, moreover, interventions in care and public health policies need to be focused mainly on the importance of aspects such as empathy, emotional expression, counseling and guidance and social support as a whole; awareness and knowledge of patients with fibromyalgia.