Planejamento de véspera da operação horária de microrredes com geração fotovoltaica distribuída integrada por inversores inteligentes via programação não linear inteira mista

Abstract

The penetration of photovoltaic distributed generation in distribution networks has become a reality; however, it still imposes challenges to be overcome, such as the operation of these networks with minimal deviations in the voltage magnitude profiles. Thus, this work proposes the daily planning of the hourly operation of microgrids in order to minimize the deviation in the voltage magnitude profiles and the minimization of active losses in the distribution through optimal tap ratio adjustments of transformers in substations, optimal adjustments of power banks remotely switched capacitors along the primary feeders and injections of active and reactive power from the photovoltaic generation distributed by smart inverters. In such a Volt/Var Optimization (OVV) problem, the discrete control variables associated with transformer taps and equivalent shunt susceptances of remotely switched capacitor banks are handled by sinusoidal penalty functions that modify the original mixed integer nonlinear programming problem into a nonlinear programming problem with only continuous decision variables. The results obtained for microgrids with 69 and 135 nodes show that the proposed OVV model and its resolution methodology are effective and efficient in reducing the deviation in voltage magnitude profiles, minimizing active losses and, at the same time, reducing of the overall reactive power demand of the distribution network.