Qualidade físico-química e tolerância à Phyllosticta citricarpa, Elsinoe fawcettii e “Candidatus Liberibacter spp.” em genótipos de limão (Citrus limon)

Abstract

Lemon genotypes are affected by several diseases that jeopardize their productive sustainability. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical quality of fruits and the incidence and severity of citrus black spot diseases (Phyllosticta citricarpa), Verrugose (Elsinoe fawcettii) and HLB (Candidatus Liberibacter spp.) in three lemon genotypes. . The work was carried out on plants and fruits harvested from the Citrus Working Collection of the Citriculture Center 'Sylvio Moreira', established in 2015/2016. In this work, the physicochemical quality of fruits (mass, height and width of the fruits, juice yield, Vitamin C content and essential oil yield) and the incidence and severity of diseases in three main lemon genotypes were evaluated: Eureka IAC 644, Feminello Sta T-2 IAC 272, Lisbon IAC 267. The evaluation data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means of the analyzes were compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. The mass and height of the fruits of the three genotypes with HLB symptoms were lower in relation to the asymptomatic fruits. In the evaluation of juice yield, the symptoms of black spot and HLB reduced the juice yield of some genotypes: Eureka IAC 644 (MPC), Femminello Sta T.-2 IAC 272 (MPC), Lisboa IAC 267 (HLB) and Femminello Sta T.-2 IAC 272 (HLB). Juice from fruits with HLB symptoms of the Eureka IAC 644 genotype had lower vitamin C content compared to this asymptomatic genotype. The essential oil yield was lower when the genotypes presented HLB symptoms, in relation to the asymptomatic genotypes. The Femminello Sta Tereza IAC 272 and Eureka IAC 644 genotypes had a higher incidence of MPC than the Lisboa IAC 267 genotype. The black spot severity in the Feminello Sta Tereza IAC 272 genotype was higher than the Eureka IAC 644 and Lisboa 267 genotypes. There was no difference. in the incidence and severity of warts among the three genotypes. Of the evaluated genotypes, Eureka IAC 644 and Femminello Sta Tereza IAC 272 showed higher HLB severity in relation to the Lisboa IAC 267 genotype. It is concluded that the fruits of the Eureka IAC 644, Lisboa IAC 267 and Femminello Sta Tereza IAC 272 genotypes with symptoms of HLB has lower mass, height, juice yield and oil yield compared to asymptomatic genotypes. The Lisboa IAC 267 genotype has higher tolerance to HLB compared to the other genotypes.