A catalogação de pinturas na perspectiva do linked data: projetos, modelos e padrões de descrição

Abstract

Descriptive cataloging guarantees the efficient and accurate retrieval of an informational resource through attributes that make it unique and individual in bibliographic catalogs, a consolidated practice in the fields of Librarianship and Information Science. In this context, the representation and description of paintings as an informational resource with specific characteristics, using metadata, can guarantee a better recovery in digital environments and potentially be applied in the Linked Data movement. In this way, the question is: how is the description of paintings, in the Linked Data scenario, being discussed in the scientific literature of the Information Science community? Considering the current technological panorama, marked by the Linked Data initiative, the objective is to identify studies that address the descriptive cataloging of works of art, with a view to: a) presenting the concepts and specificities of painting; b) analyzing and presenting the state-of-the-art on the cataloging of works of art, with emphasis on painting; c) analyze and discuss cases of painting cataloging with the Linked Data scenario. For this purpose, the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) is used as a research method to map the scientific production on the subject, based on the following categories of analysis: focus on the documents; examples and characteristics of projects, initiatives, and models for describing works of art in the light of Linked Data; and patterns of description used in cataloging paintings. As a result, 4 (four) thematic categories of the documentary corpus were identified, which stand out: Ontology model for description of cultural heritage; Representation model for virtual exhibitions; System for identifying colors in paintings; and rating model for recommending artwork attributions. It is concluded that, when taking into account the initiatives, experiences, and projects identified by RSL, it is clear that there are few works on the subject, and, as for those identified, these seek to create models for cataloging paintings, where it is understood if it is not necessarily due to the existence of a description standard already adapted to every type of resource and used in the digital environment, such as the Resource Description and Access (RDA). In addition, the adoption of metadata and metadata standards linked to Linked Data technologies enables the construction of open and connected catalogs, enhancing access, use, and reuse of paintings in digital environments.