Estudos de atividade antimicrobiana, de migração e de toxicidade de nanopartículas de prata aplicadas em filmes poliméricos

Abstract

Advances in nanotechnology have allowed the development of materials that can perform various technological functions. Among these materials, polymers have been noticed for innovation for food packaging, providing physical protection combined with antimicrobial activity, especially in the case of polymer additives with silver nanoparticles, which increase the time of shelf life of foods. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential application of polymeric additives films with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for use in foods, analyzing toxicity in vivo and in vitro AgNPs in living organisms, defining the risks and benefits of the particles and for the product user, considering the possibility of migration of these to the environment. Nanoparticles were synthesized with varying size and shape and used for application in films. Several techniques were used to characterize the films and AgNPs. All tests using organisms followed established protocols. The results showed that the studied films showed good microbial activity at all concentrations for both microorganisms S. aureus and E. coli. The films also showed that can be used as food packaging maintaining desirable qualities chemical treasury consumers of minimally processed carrots. In the migration tests performed on the films was not observed even studied the possibility of migration of AgNPS at the lowest concentrations (2.5) have been reported in that they may migrate to other conditions at relatively low concentrations literature and as demonstrated in the tests toxicity to aquatic and terrestrial organisms there is potential risk of interfering with the survival and mobility of aquatic invertebrates fresh and salt water and algae, as well as can also interfere with the development of rat pups when ingested orally and causes changes cyto and genotoxic in organisms such as Allium cepa.