Ferramentas de geoprocessamento para análise da vulnerabilidade natural das águas sub-superficiais à poluição, área urbana e seu entorno, município de São Carlos - SP
Resumen
Nearly 97% of all fresh water available to humankind lies beneath the soil, as
underground water, which makes scientists increasingly worried about its pollution.
Important studies carried out in several regions of the world show that many fresh water
resources have already been impacted by potentially pollution sources, especially by
residues of agricultural, industrial and/or domestic origin. As a result, the UN has warned
that by 2025 approximately 2.7 billion people worldwide will face serious shortage. What
is more, protection of groundwater cannot be postponed since it is difficult and impractical
to remove pollutants from local sources (wells) and very costly to decontaminate vast
reservoirs. In consideration of this, the objective of this study was to elaborate a thematic,
guiding cartographic document that qualitatively focused on natural vulnerability to
pollutants of groundwater within the perimeter and urban areas of São Carlos, SP, Brazil,
by means of GOD methodology and SPRING 4.2 - Inpe geoprocessing software. This
document was also intended to assist the city administration in future planning and
establishment of public policies aimed at protecting its groundwater resources.