Verificação das relações espaciais entre a distribuição de dados sócio-econômicos e a localização de escolas
Resumen
The process of urban progress, cause the disordered regions growth with some or without structure. In case of school's location, this process can generate excess of school places in some regions while in others there is a de_cit, thus subjecting the students, in some cases, the displacement of several hours. Trying to solve these problems, governments have been investing in programs such as _nancing school transportation, for the conduct of students from more remote regions. This study examined the spatial distribution of public schools comparing with the level of income, education and age of the population, using GIS techniques associated with Knowledge Extraction from Databases (Data Mining). This practice allows for the discovery of hidden information in large databases that may be considered interesting, as you con_rm, extend, or challenges the existing knowledge on the subject. Additionally, it allows a more elaborated on the educational services provided, given the existing demands, contributing to a critical analysis of the situation of these towns, in educational point of view, searching the assignment of a better quality of life for people. The city of Araraquara-SP, is a medium size city, and considering the availability of data and the importance for future applications of the results extracted, was chosen as the object of study. This study used techniques of Spatial Data Mining, allowing the discovery of important information, such as the fact that poor people reside far away from public schools. Besides, the analysis of the data presented de_cit and bad distribution of high schools in the city of Araraquara. These evidences indicated the feasibility of the methodology used also for large databases.