Caracterização e classificação de resíduos sólidos das indústrias de cerâmicas artísticas de Porto Ferreira, S.P.
Visualizar/ Abrir
Data
2003-12-12Autor
Gomes, Araceli Cristina Prezoto
Metadata
Mostrar registro completoResumo
The main objective of this work is to perform the characterization of the solid
wastes from some artistic ceramic industries of Porto Ferreira-SP. The so-called
white ceramics are obtained with some specific type of clays and melting materials
and burned in on oven 1200 1500 oC. The decoration process of the utensils is
made with fried and inorganic pigments (hot ceramic) and with organic solvents,
glitters and oil ink (cold ceramic). This study reveled that at the studied industries the
water used at the washing process of paint brushers and other recipients or flasks is
first decanted and then drained to the sewer system and/or directed poured to any
water body adjacent to the industry site. The solid wastes are deposited in containers
which are then transported to a garbage site of the municipality or disposed above
ground in areas adjacent to the Mogi-Guaçu River. This study was based on the
federal environmental legislation Resolução CONAMA 006/88 and Normas NBR
10.004 10.007 . The inventory of residues seeks to answers questions on the solid
wastes such as where and the flux they are generated by an industrial process
according to a mass balance of the productive process. This set of environmental
regulation establishes the grounds for the waste classification through numerical
values of limiting values for different chemical species that may be detected in the
elutriate (solubilization test) (NBR 10.006/87) and leachate (lixiviation test) (NBR
10.005/87) extracts. These extracts were analyzed by ICP-AES (inductively coupled
plasma atomic emission spectroscopy) and AAS (atomic absorption
spectrofotometry) for metals and metalloids and by GC-MS (gas chromatographymass
spectrometry) for organic compounds. The results of this study show that some
specific type of solid wastes has concentration of metals and/or organic compounds
in the solubilization and/or lixiviation extracts that are in disagreement to the federal
legislation. The severity of this problem and the real necessity to undertake the
present study become apparent when it is considered the existence of 108 ceramic
industries in Porto Ferreira-SP. The solubilized and leachable contaminants may be
reaching ground waters as well as tributaries and the Mogi-Guaçu River itself which
may be adversely impacting these aquatic ecosystems.