Efeitos do treinamento físico combinado no desempenho cardiovascular e metabólico em indivíduos diabéticos – ensaio clínico randomizado e controlado
Resumo
The thesis consists of three studies described below. Study I, entitled: Poor glycemic
control impacts the linear dynamic and nonlinear heart rate in type 2 diabetes mellitus
(T2DM) whose objective was to evaluate the relationship between glycemic control and
cardiac autonomic modulation in patients with T2DM without autonomic neuropathy
cardiovascular. This is a descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study. The resting
heart rate (HR) and RR interval (RR intervals) were obtained and calculated by linear
methods and nonlinear heart rate variability (HRV). Insulin, HOMA-IR, fasting glucose
and HbA1c were obtained by blood tests. We concluded that the poor glycemic control
associated with cardiac autonomic modulation indices in patients with type 2 diabetes,
though not exhibit cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. Following the Study II,
entitled Type 2 diabetes coexistence of effects and systemic hypertension (SH) in HRV
and cardiorespiratory performance, which aimed to evaluate the influence of
hypertension in cardiac autonomic neuropathy and cardiorespiratory fitness in subjects
with diabetes mellitus type 2. The evaluation included collection of iRR for further
analysis of HRV, it was collected in the supine position followed by incremental
cardiopulmonary exercise test (ICET) on a cycle ergometer. The results revealed a
greater loss of HRV when there is overlapping of diseases. Additionally, there was an
association of responses affected HRV with cardiopulmonary function markers
impaired to exercise. Finally, the Study III, entitled: Potential effects on
cardiorespiratory and metabolic status after a physical aerobic concurrent training
program and has resisted in diabetic volunteers - Randomized Study and controlled. The
objective was to evaluate metabolic profile, glycemic control and exercise capacity in
diabetic volunteers after participating in an aerobic and resistance concurrent training
program (AR-CT) for a period of three months. The evaluation included the ICET the
cycle ergometer and 1-RM tests. Ventilation, hemodynamic measurements were
performed during the ICET and peripheral muscle strength by isokinetic dynamometer.
The program consisted of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise and 30 minutes of resistance
exercise of upper and lower limbs. The results showed an improvement in glycemic
control and lipid profile in addition to increased peripheral muscle strength and exercise
capacity. These data together suggest that the exercise program constitutes an important
strategy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, producing both physiological and functional
improvements in this population.