Um modelo de rede de sensores sem fio auto-organizada e tolerante a falhas para detecção de incêndios
Resumen
The wildfires caused by human occupation is one of the factors that most contributes to
deforestation of conservation areas, resulting in a number of issues for ecological systems.
Premature fire detection lead to the elimination or minimize the damage that will be caused
by a fire incident. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has been shown to be a good alternative
for environmental monitoring applications, as they can collect and send the information
in real-time, such as humidity, wind and temperature of various parts of the forest. Due to
problems such as power limitation, communication failure and loss of nodes, the network
topology is constantly changing, requiring mechanisms to achieve self-organization and
fault tolerance. This paper proposes the development of a model and application in selforganizing
and fault-tolerant WSNs for fire detection in conservation areas. To achieve
self-organization and fault tolerance is encouraged local interactions between neighboring
nodes that monitor the same region and the coordination of tasks, through a supervisor node,
equipped with a framework for developing fault-tolerant applications based on components.
Using a component redundancy technique with adaptive approach, the fire detection solution
was implemented. Each component, ie, different implementations of the same specification,
it is loaded and unloaded from runtime memory while the node assumes the role
of coordinator. The results are stored and after execution of all components is achieved a
consensus. For analysis and validation of the model and the application was simulated to 60
events in the sensor network in a real scenario, using the Sinalgo simulator. The results were
classified as True (partial or absolute) or False (partial or absolute). In 45% of consensus
identified a possible fault in the application and in only 35% there was absolute consensus.