“Enxugando iceberg” como as instituições estatais exercem o controle do crime em São Paulo
Resumen
This research aimed to understand how the
institutions and state operators’ crime control
are being affected by the emergence of new
forms of organization of the "world of crime."
It wondered how the institutions and operators
find themselves affected by the emergence of
the First Command of the Capital, the PCC;
which the impact on their work, on the ways
to exercise control and institutional management of the crime; which representations they elaborate about the changes in the contexts they operate and
develop their professional activities. Therefore,
it started analyzing two empirical cases that
took place in São Paulo, involving the PCC and
the so-‐‑called "debate" -‐‑ a new management
mechanism of violence brought from the
consolidation of the CPC in and out of the São
Paulo prison system. The cases also help to
identify two main strategies to crime control
in São Paulo: i) a militarized control guided
mainly by lethal and selective fighting with
alleged criminals, played by the Military
Police and; a classic judicial control, in which
the logic of the investigation remains linked
to archaic model of the police investigation
and prioritizes incarceration for certain
types of crimes and people, while holding
the low levels of punishment for cases of
police lethality. Part of the field work was
conducted through interviews with civil and
military police, sheriffs, prosecutors and judges
who work in crime control, including the Special
Group Against Organized Crime of the
Prosecutor's Office (GAECO). It was developed
a research based on official data on crime and
on investments in public safety in order to
observe trends, preferences and policy choices
of area managers in the last decade. The results indicate that the emergence of the
PCC has affected the crime control strategies
performed by each of these institutions,
although continuities have been observed.
The PCC started seen as "organized crime",
sign often claimed to justify violent and lethal
actions in alleged confrontations. Investigations
involving the PCC have been recurrently
conducted through a partnership between
prosecutors and military police, often rather
of the judicial police, which has generated
tensions between the institutions and their
operators. The Civil Police, in its turn, operates
with the coexistence of "inquisitorial logic"
of investigation and effort to operates the
transformations that the emergence of
"organized crime" has imposed, besides
seeking to circumvent the arising obstacles
"scrapping" of institution.