Repositório UFSCar

O Repositório Institucional da UFSCar (RI UFSCar) é um sistema de informação que visa armazenar, preservar, organizar e disseminar amplamente a produção intelectual dos diversos setores e segmentos da comunidade da UFSCar, provendo o acesso aberto à informação produzida na instituição e registrada como científica, tecnológica, didática, artístico-cultural e técnico-administrativa.

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Estratégias e Ações para a implementação do Parque Agroecológico Urbano "Água Vermelha", em Sorocaba/SP, com proposta para a redução dos impactos da crise climática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-10) Fagundes, Luiza Silveira; Fernandes, Hylio Laganá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1315602045624096; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0922-867X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7593924495232798
A lo largo de la historia, la transformación humana del espacio ha culminado en un entorno urbano denso e impermeable, que ha promovido un profundo distanciamiento entre la sociedad moderna y sus orígenes naturales. En respuesta a esta desconexión, a la marginación de saberes tradicionales, al borrado de la memoria biocultural de las comunidades y al actual contexto de emergencia climática, los Parques Agroecológicos Urbanos emergen como una posibilidad en busca de reformar y mejorar este escenario. Más que áreas verdes convencionales —que, pese a su importancia social, a menudo son espacios artificializados—, estos parques trascienden la recreación, proponiendo reconfigurar el modo de vida urbano al proporcionar soberanía alimentaria, educación y restauración ambiental. Por lo tanto, el objetivo central de este trabajo es analizar y proponer estrategias y acciones para la implementación de un Parque Agroecológico Urbano como política pública de mitigación y adaptación a los impactos de la crisis climática. A través de un estudio de caso detallado de la Subregión 3 de Sorocaba, la investigación utilizó el Parque del Agua Roja, en Sorocaba/SP, como área piloto, demostrando la viabilidad de adaptar un área verde existente. Para una mayor fundamentación del proyecto, se retrataron, a través de la literatura, ejemplos de otras áreas e ideas que viabilizan la creación de áreas verdes como esta en diferentes partes del país y del mundo. Tras el análisis, se concluyó que los aspectos geomorfológicos, ecológicos, socioeconómicos y socioambientales de la Subregión 3 poseen factores que caracterizan la propuesta de implementación del Parque Agroecológico Urbano en cuestión como relevante, viablemente desafiante y prometedora. Además, para que el potencial multifuncional de la agroecología en el contexto de área verde se realice plenamente, es necesario un planeamiento integrado (involucrando gestión, estructura, educación y monitoreo) y mayores investigaciones a fin de ampliar las evidencias de su esencialidad.
Avaliação de impacto orçamentário na saúde com a política de taxação de bebidas adoçadas e o desfecho sobre o diabetes tipo 2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-01) Okuda, Ricardo Augusto Kazuo; Itria, Alexander; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7278290457268315; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7500-0230; Silva, Gustavo Pereira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2439816100723730; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2563-7801; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0438047887605422; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2025-3199; Angeli, Eduardo; Picoli, Renato Mantelli; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9201695869717291; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6718615421764291; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6676-9267; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8154-6467
The incidence and prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), as well as the economic impact of treating this disease, have prompted discussions on which measures could be adopted to reduce the number of cases. Among the various proposals is the implementation of an additional tax—considering the already complex existing tax structure—particularly on sugar-sweetened beverages (with the aim of reducing their consumption). The existing literature on the topic indicates a strong correlation between the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and the increased occurrence of the disease. Thus, the objective of this study was to estimate the public financial impact of taxing sugar-sweetened beverages and the resulting reduction in T2DM cases. To this end, we employed a health economic evaluation tool—Budget Impact Analysis—to estimate the public financial impact of adopting such a tax, taking into account price elasticity and cross-elasticity, as well as the reduction in T2DM incidence/prevalence indicators and their associated costs. The study adopted two methodological approaches: a cross-sectional descriptive study and an Economic Evaluation study using budget impact analysis. Data were drawn from three national surveys: the Household Budget Survey (POF), the National Health Survey (PNS), and the Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases via Telephone Survey (Vigitel). Using the collected data, a Budget Impact Analysis model was developed to estimate reductions in mortality and morbidity indicators, always adopting the perspective of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). The current taxation scenario was compared with alternative scenarios, enabling comparison of results across three tax rates—20%, 25%, and 30%—following trends observed in other countries. The findings were highly promising, indicating that such taxation could reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages as well as government expenditures on T2DM treatment. The study also discusses aspects that may lead to distortions in the potential implementation of the proposed tax, such as impacts on tax revenue and long-term economic effects.
Introdução à teoria das cordas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-15) Vasconcelos, Simão Pedro; Schmidtt, Fernando David Marmolejo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7431492489687677; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6188754677019672
In the 1960s, string theory emerged as an attempt to explain strong interactions, but over time it has proven potentially capable of unifying the four fundamental interactions of nature. It proposes that matter, at its most fundamental level, is composed of one-dimensional strings, which is the theory’s only new axiom. In this simple and elegant model, the action is proportional to the area described by the motion of the one-dimensional string, unlike other models where the action is proportional to the length of the line described by the motion of point particles. With this approach, entities and forces naturally arise in the theory’s development, making it the leading candidate for unifying quantum gravity and quantum field theory. Therefore, its study is crucial for high energy physics, as well as for mathematics and understanding the universe. This work aims to introduce the basic concepts necessary for understanding the theory by the student.
Estudantes com deficiência e vulnerabilidade social: uma revisão da produção acadêmica brasileira (2015 - 2025)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Padovan, Nicole Rodrigues; Picharillo, Alessandra Daniele Messali; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6418472162902640; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-8027; ORLANDO, Rosimeire Maria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4254571422608459; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0990-6146; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3793223031130551; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3793223031130551
This Final Course Project aimed to examine how Brazilian education for students with disabilities and social vulnerability enrolled in basic education occurs. From a critical and reflective perspective, the study seeks to understand how social vulnerability intensifies educational exclusion processes and how teacher training can contribute to the implementation of truly inclusive pedagogical practices. The work was developed through bibliographic and qualitative research, based on scientific articles, legislation, and official documents published between 2015 and 2025. Productions addressing the National Policy on Special Education from the Perspective of Inclusive Education, the role of public schools, and the performance of teachers in the face of structural and social inequalities permeating the Brazilian educational context were analyzed. The results showed that, although Brazil has a solid framework focused on inclusion, there is still a significant gap between what is stipulated in legislation and the reality experienced in schools. The research indicates that the lack of ongoing teacher training, the absence of adequate infrastructure, the scarcity of pedagogical resources, and the fragility of intersectoral policies are factors that compromise the effectiveness of inclusion. Furthermore, the analysis shows that neoliberalism and capitalist logic contribute to the maintenance of educational inequalities, since quality education remains a privilege of the most favored social classes.
Desenvolvimento de aplicação para cidades inteligentes utilizando da plataforma FIWARE
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-15) Minatel, Refael Tury; Ferrari, Fabiano Cutigi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3154345471250570; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7339-8529
The accelerated growth of contemporary cities demands technological solutions that promote efficiency in the management of urban resources and services. In this context, Smart Cities use Information and Communication Technologies to transform data into effective decisions. This work investigates and demonstrates, through a practical approach, how the FIWARE platform can be applied in the development of Smart City applications. The main objective was to develop a functional prototype that simulates intelligent monitoring and control of an event hall, integrating IoT sensors (temperature, humidity, CO$_2$, occupancy) and actuators (air conditioner, exhaust fan, alarm) through FIWARE components: Orion Context Broker, IoT Agent JSON, and QuantumLeap. The methodology adopted applied research with a qualitative and exploratory approach, developing the system in a containerized environment with Docker and a web interface in React. The implemented system demonstrated adequate operation, with automation responding in less than 2 seconds, historical data visualization, and responsive interface. The work thoroughly documents the challenges faced (container configuration, CORS, component integration) and the solutions adopted, presents a comparative analysis with the InterSCity platform, and systematizes requirements and best practices for similar projects. The results demonstrate that FIWARE is a viable, robust, and suitable platform for developing Smart City solutions, provided its particularities are understood and appropriate configuration and integration practices are adopted. The main contributions include a replicable functional prototype, consolidated documentation of integration between FIWARE components, and critical analysis that complements the existing literature.