Saberes docentes e desafios no ensino de Português língua estrangeira na atuação de professores em formação

Abstract

The projection of Brazil in the political-economic scenario and the internationalization of Brazilian universities have amplified the demand for qualified professionals to teach Portuguese as a Foreign Language (PFL). As a consequence, it is acknowledged that PFL teachers must be prepared to deal with the challenges that arise from teaching their mother tongue as a foreign language, which highlight the necessity and relevance of studies focusing on the preparation process of PFL teachers. According to Leffa (2001), one of the most discussed topics within the teacher education is the importance to differentiate the term teacher education from the term training. The former is related to the teachers’ reflection process according to their own teaching practice, and the latter is connected to the execution of tasks that achieve immediate results. In order to foster the reflective practice, it seems to be necessary to create opportunities, so teachers can, collaboratively, with other colleagues, engage themselves in a process of developing a broader comprehension related to the teaching and learning processes. Therefore, it is relevant the presence of, at least, one expertise teacher. Following this premise, the overall objective of this study is to reflect on the teachers knowledge that pre-service teacher education operate in the teaching of Portugues as a Foreign Language or as a Second Language in immersion context. The specific goals of this study are to analyze expectations related to the teaching of PFL (prior teaching knowledge) presented by pre-service teachers, to verify which knowledge teachers operationalize in practice to deal with teaching specificities (linguistic and cultural), analyze the types of challenges teachers face when they are teaching their native language for speakers of other languages, and to explore context variables in teacher’s practice. This research is theoretically based on studies on reflective processes of teacher education and teachers knowledge (SHULMAN, 1987; SCHÖN, 2000; TARDIF E RAYMOND, 2000; LEFFA, 2001; CHARLOT, 2005; ZEICHNER, 2008; DUTRA, 2010, ALVAREZ, 2010; KANEKO-MARQUES, 2011; ROCHA E GILENO, 2016), and its methodology will rely upon an ethnographic qualititative perspective. The contexts of data collection were in Brazil (pre-service teacher education). We indicate as the main result of this research the need to carry out collaborative work with the pre- service teacher education and to create opportunities so that they can develop reflective practice on the pedagogical action. We expect that this study will contribute to a better understanding of specificities related to PFL teaching practice, in Brazilian contexts, allowing pre-service teachers to (re)define their pedagogical practices.