Impactos do manejo agrícola em perfis de latossolos e nos ambientes de produção de cana-de-açúcar

Abstract

The agricultural management influences soil chemical attributes and sugarcane productivity. Are the changes enough to affect the soil fetility and the soil chemicals pedologyc parameters to implies changes in the pedologyc classification and in the productive potential of sugarcane? It was proposed that the management improvement results alterations in soil fertility patterns, starting at surface layer in a short term and then reached to subsurface. The management improvement can make possible begin the soil fertility and increase the productivity. This study evaluated the agricultural management impact on sugarcane productivity patterns at Santa Izabel farm (better production environment) and Morumbi farm (worst production environment) from 1993 to 2018. To get informations about the farms, the pre-structured qualitative interview method was applied to the owner's farms. Many sugarcane management phases were identified from agronomic practices considered determinants for productivity changes. Different phases allowed the calculation of the average farms productivity and their statistical interpretations from the numbers of harvest in each phase. The results of productivity in each case and average values of Ca, Mg, K, H+Al, Al, SB, CTC, V(%), m(%), ph in CaCl2, PRES and M.O. from arable layer were examined by graphics as box-plot and submitted to variance analysis. When they were significants by F test (p<0,05), the means were compared by Tukey's test (p<0,05). The productivity at Morumbi and Santa Izabel farms were similiar during the III management phase. Were recognized changes in soil pedologic classification in 5 of 17 points analyzed at Morumbi farm. Chemical attributes at depth 0-20 cm as CTC (Santa Izabel), SB (Santa Izabel) and Mg (Morumbi and Santa Izabel) got critical level. starting the soil fertility. The main factors that contribuited to increase procutivity at Morumbi and Santa Izabel farms were season harvest and varietal allocation managements together with production environments improvements.