A mobilidade urbana de jovens em projetos sociais do complexo do alemão, no rio de janeiro, e suas relações com a terapia ocupacional social

Abstract

Urban mobility, a physical displacement that occurs daily by people and groups in urban space, with significance related to the sociocultural context, is relevant because it represents evolving aspects of social relations in cities, demonstrating possibilities or restrictions of social life. This concept approaches occupational therapy because it is intrinsic to the everyday life of the individuals, object of study and locus of the action of the profession. Upon the question "How is the daily life of young favela dwellers, with regard to their mobility through different territories of the city?", this research presents as a general objective to understand and discuss the daily mobility of young dwellers of “Complexo de favelas do Alemão”, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Specific objectives are: (1) to understand, through the use of activities, the narratives of young people about their everyday lives, with emphasis on their urban mobility; (2) to analyze the aspects that interfere in their urban mobility and (3) to reflect on the relationships between urban youth mobility and professional practice in occupational therapy. Methodological procedure are based on the materialistic-historical dialectical approach. Data production took place from September to December 2018, in a Non-Governmental Organization located within “Complexo do Alemão”. Workshops were held with different themes, namely: one workshop to presentation, four workshop to constructing the "Youth City", three workshop to creating of a Manga and one workshop in a public event on Youths and Human Rights. In addition, we follow-up individually four young people to understand their narratives about urban mobility, at this moment we also applied activities with visual resources (such as maps, fanzine and photos), and we. Made specifically one individual and territorial follow-up. The workshops were understood, from the reference of social occupational therapy, as collective processes inserted in a historical and cultural moment. The results showed a restriction of urban mobility, such as young dwellers who have not been the beach of their city, for example. The following categories were emerged, related to the restriction of mobility: the place of residence, fear and issues of gender and sexual orientation. It is proposed in this thesis that the social occupational therapist, based on a political and social reading of the concept of urban mobility, can use in the evaluation process, in the elaboration of intervention strategies, in the objective of occupational therapy action and also as articulating and an active actor participant in the formulation of public policies. It is concluded that the urban mobility of young dwellers of that territory is restricted by the fact that the favela is the target of various stigmas related to who lives there, such as poverty and the social imaginary of criminals and/or ruffianly. The fear of unknown and violence, in addition to sexual orientation and gender identity, are intertwined with the question of being “favela dwellers”, influencing the possibilities and restrictions of urban mobility. This restriction, by symbolic and concrete aspects, impacts on the everyday life of these young people, restricting their repertoire of accessed activities and the used territories, and consequentially impacts on cultural capital and social participation. Social policies stood out as a possibility of expanding cultural and educational capital, which can lead to an enlargement of urban mobility and, perhaps, the social participation of young people.