Avaliação da salubridade ambiental como fator de contribuição à gestão de recursos hídricos na porção noroeste da bacia do Rio Pardo (SP)

Abstract

Sanitation service provision in Brazilian municipalities follow the recommendations of Federal Law no 11,445 / 2007, which points out the use of indicators for the analysis of sanitary, epidemiological, environmental and socioeconomic items. The Environmental Health Indicator (ISA), prepared by the State Sanitation Council of the State of São Paulo (CONESAN) in 1999, represents the proposed model to evaluate the water supply (cover, water quality and production system saturation), sewage (cover, treatment and treatment saturation), solid waste (cover, quality of the final disposal site and final disposition saturation), vector control (dengue, schitosmosis and leptospirosis), water resources (quantity and quality) and socioeconomic aspects (health, economy and education). The objective of the present research was to evaluate the environmental health of the municipalities located in the northwestern portion of the Water Resources Management Unit (UGHRI) 4 – Pardo River Basin, state of São Paulo, for the base year 2018, based on guidelines from the Rio Pardo River Basin Committee (CBH-Pardo). The methodology consisted of data searches made available electronically, calculating the ISA of the municipalities according to CONESAN (1999) method and adapting the model with an emphasis on improving water resources. By analysis of six municipalities, 18 indicators of ISA pointed out environmental health conditions (75,51 ≤ ISA ≤ 100,00) for two of them and average (50,51 ≤ ISA ≤ 75,50) for the others. After ISA adaptation all municipalities were classified into average health condition (50,51 ≤ ISA ≤ 75,50). The results indicated drainage (Altinópolis, Brodowski, Cravinhos, Jardinópolis and Serrana), vector control (Cravinhos and Ribeirão Preto) and sewage (Jardinópolis and Serrana) as topics that require greater investment in the municipalities. ISA can be used by CBH-Pardo as an instrument for assessing and monitoring the evolution of municipalities over the years, even pointing out guidelines in the Hydrographic Basin Plan for improving the quantity and quality of water resources.