Padrão temporal e espacial das mudanças de usos da terra e cenários para a conservação da biodiversidade regional do município de São Félix do Araguaia, MT

Abstract

There is an increase need for remote sensing data and associated analysis techniques in detecting and monitoring landscape change, particularly for resource management and planning. Information derived from remote sensing spatial data landscape has often been used to assist in the formulation of policies and provide insight into land-use patterns. To understanding human disturbance regimes for developing conservation and ecosystem management plan and for targeting ecological areas that define scarce ecosystems services this study has provided a landscape structure digital database at scales of observations that meet.various mapping criteria (geology, geomorphology, pedology, climate unit, hydrography, hypsometry, road net, legally protected areas, settlements and land-use dynamics of the São Félix Araguaia municipality (MT, Brazil). The monitoring land-use dynamics for characterizing anthropogenic and natural surfaces was based on the use of the Systems of Geographical Information and image LandSat 5 TM. The pattern of land-use reflects the outcomes of more than one human process; for instance, cropland, pastureland and settlements expansion. Natural vegetation was the most abundant land use type, occupying 77,26% of the municipal district total area in 1990, decreasing to 58,86% in 2009. Following forest, agricultural activity antropica was the next most abundant land class type with 21,17% of the total area in 1990 and 39,17% in 2009. A class on non-agricultural human activity (roads and urbanized area) value was incipient throughout the period (0,42% of the total area in 1990 and only 0,68% in 2009), evidencing that the landscape changes are not influenced by the urban growth. These temporal changes were interpreted as resulting from regional development actions related to agricultural expansion based on intensive methods. Regional and municipal planners require up-todate information related to a digital database to effectively manage land development and plan for change.