Influência do intemperismo da Região Amazônica nas propriedades físicas e mecânicas da madeira Angelim- Vermelho na cidade de Porto Velho

Abstract

Despite the advantages of wood, it is common to use it in environments subject to exposure to biotic and weathering factors, causing its natural manipulation, damaging physical and especially mechanical properties of interest, which can affect the useful life of buildings. In this context, the largest reserve of biological diversity in the world is found in the Amazon. However, although this region has great potential to produce native woods, the sector is still predominantly dominated by the Eucalyptus and Pine species. In addition, weathering varies according to the season and location, which implies that the climatic conditions of the Amazon region can be even more aggravating to the handling of wood compared to other regions, due to its climatic characteristics, as it has a hot and humid climate, with two well-defined seasons, one dry and one rainy, since in the latter, precipitation occurs in intense forms. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct studies on the action of weathering in the Amazon region on native woods, to evaluate and determine the importance of decreases in mechanical properties, since these can even reduce the resistance class imposed in the project. Thus, the present research project aims to evaluate the influence of the action of weathering in the Amazon region in Porto Velho, Rondônia, on the physical and mechanical properties of Angelim-Vermelho wood (Dinizia excelsa Ducke), by exposing specimens of the wood in question to natural weathering, and subsequently evaluating, through laboratory tests, its physical properties of colorimetry and density, and mechanical properties of hardness, modulus of elasticity parallel to the fibers and resistance to joint parallel to the fibers. In addition, a systematic literature review was carried out to verify the effects of weathering on wood found in the literature. From statistical analyses it was possible to verify that despite causing damage to the physical and mechanical properties of the wood, weathering does not significantly manipulate the wood under study in the time delimited for this research, with the exception of the colorimetry and hardness properties parallel to the fibers, making it necessary to extend the exposure time in order to correctly verify its behavior in the face of the climatic factors of the Amazon region.