Aplicação de perfis de estrada na simulação de suspensões veiculares: uma abordagem baseada na ISO 8608

Abstract

Given the need of the Dinamo E-Racing team for a tool to assist in the development and simulation of the suspension system, this work aims to develop a program capable of providing simulation software with inputs related to road surface irregularities. To achieve this goal, MATLAB was used to model a 1/4 car system and generate random road profiles based on ISO 8608, the standard for road surface roughness classification. Additionally, the Power Spectral Density (PSD) was calculated to provide a detailed analysis of the vehicle’s vibrational characteristics as it traverses different types of pavement This work presents the development and analysis of a simulation model to study the dynamic behavior of a vehicle using a quarter-car model, in accordance with ISO 8608, which classifies pavement roughness. The adopted methodology includes the parameterization of different road profiles, generated to represent realistic driving conditions, such as those encountered in Formula SAE competitions. The proposed model allows for the analysis of the dynamic response of the suspension system, focusing on the unsprung mass (wheel). Using MATLAB, algorithms were developed for generating random road profiles and simulating the response of the quarter-car model. The simulations confirmed that the generated profiles comply with the characteristics specified for roughness class B of the ISO 8608 standard. The Power Spectral Density (PSD) analysis helped identify critical frequencies that could cause undesirable resonances, guiding adjustments in the suspension system to enhance vehicle performance and safety under competitive conditions. The results demonstrated that the suspension system is effective in attenuating high-frequency vibrations. Comparative analysis between different road profiles of the same class indicated consistency in vibrational responses, suggesting that the conclusions of this study can be generalized to other similar driving conditions. Finally, the study proposes future validation of the models through experimental tests with the prototype under real competition conditions and the application of PSD data in more advanced simulations to further optimize the suspension system design.