Identificação de fatores críticos de sucesso nas certificações ambientais de sistema de gestão ambiental ISO 14001 e certificação florestal FSC (FM/CoC)

Abstract

As consequence of the growing environmental concern in the last decades, companies had to get adapted to various demands and pressures. Due to the need to have universally valid and standardized environmental requirements, environmental certifications have emerged. Two of these have a strong presence in companies that own wood as raw material: ISO 14001 and FSC forest certification. Therefore, this research intends to identify the CSF for the implementation and maintenance of ISO 14001 and FSC certifications for forest management and chain of custody (FM/CoC) in companies that produce or use wood as raw material in Brazil. Through the systematic bibliographic review and the realization of a websurvey with the sending of questionnaires, it was possible to identify the main CSF listed by other authors as well as by the Brazilian companies. In this study, were divided into the stages of Implantation and Certification, and to the Maintenance phase of certification. Resultantly it was possible to identify which CSF are important in each steps for the different companies (ISO 14001 certified companies, companies with FSC certification and with both certifications), it was also possible to identify evidences that some FCS are similar in both stages, but that they also have their own particularities. Finally, it was possible to compare the CSF for the three types of organizations, identifying that the main CSFs are repeated, but not in the level of importance. This indicates the company size and the fact of having more than one type of environmental certification may influence on what is considered critical by them.