A interseccionalidade e suas contribuições para a compreensão do encarceramento de mulheres negras
Abstract
This is a theoretical study with a qualitative approach, and contributions in black feminism,
which, when considering that there is no hierarchy between the practices of oppression
experienced by women, recognizes the urgency of analyzes and reflections on the mass
incarceration of black women. The context to be studied, and the theoretical option in Brazilian
and North American black feminists, have leapfrogged the interest in a more detailed study of
one of the concepts of this social movement, which guided by the invisibility of black woman
agenda in feminist debates and on the race debates, proposes intersectionality. At the stage of the
research that is dedicated to the understanding of this concept, historical discussions were
conducted evidencing that black women were affected by intersectional discrimination even
before the concept was outlined by Kimberlé Crenshaw in the 1980s. Presented here are the
theoretical discussions of the concept from this North American feminist, Brazilian woman and
others who collaborate in the theoretical impetus of intersectionality as analytical sensibility
capable of taking from invisibility groups crossed by different practices of oppression. Also, in
this discussion, there is a bibliographical survey in the thesis and dissertation bank of CAPES
(Coordination of Improvement of Higher Level Personnel) amid the years 2005 and 2015 with
the descriptor: intersectionality. The researches analysis regarded the number of publications per
year, gender and race of the researchers, and the use of intersectionality in different contexts.
Entering the intersectional discussion for the mass incarceration of black women, it presents an
overview of women's prisons, an instrumental analysis of indicators of the female prison system,
and considerations on the Women's Prison System from an intersectional perspective coming
from Angela Davis. It evidences the potentiality of the intersectional concept in the
understanding of experiences that affect black women and other marginalized groups. Moreover,
this concept of black feminism arises as essential in the discussion of the oppression of gender
and race that affect women in prison. Se trata de un estudio de cuño teórico y abordaje cualitativo, con aportes en el feminismo negro,
que al considerar no haber jerarquía entre las prácticas de opresión vivenciadas por mujeres,
reconoce la urgencia de análisis y reflexiones sobre el encarcelamiento masivo de mujeres
negras. El contexto a ser estudiado y la opción teórica en feministas negras brasileñas y
norteamericanas, apalancar el interés en un estudio más profundo sobre uno de los conceptos de
este movimiento social, que orientado por la invisibilidad de pautas de la mujer negra en los
debates feministas y en los debates de raza, propone la interseccionalidad. En la etapa de la
investigación que se dedica a la comprensión del concepto de interseccionalidad, se realizaron
discusiones históricas que evidencian que las mujeres negras eran afectadas por las
discriminaciones interseccionales incluso antes del concepto ser delineado por Kimberlé
Crenshaw en la década de 80. Se presentan aún las discusiones teóricas del concepto a partir de
esta feminista norteamericana, brasileñas y otras que colaboraron en el impulso teórico de la
interseccionalidad como sensibilidad analítica capaz de sacar de la invisibilidad a grupos
atravesados por diferentes prácticas de opresión. En esta discusión, se encuentra levantamiento
bibliográfico en el banco de tesis y disertaciones de la CAPES (Coordinación de
Perfeccionamiento de Personal de Nivel Superior) entre los de 2005 y 2015 con el descriptor
"interseccionalidad". Las investigaciones fueron analizadas en relación a la cantidad de
publicaciones por año, género y raza de los investigadores, y uso de la interseccionalidad en
diferentes contextos. En el marco de la discusión interseccional para el encarcelamiento masivo
de mujeres negras, se presenta un panorama de las prisiones femeninas, análisis instrumental de
indicadores del sistema penitenciario femenino y consideraciones sobre el Sistema prisionero
Femenino desde una perspectiva interseccional a partir de Angela Davis. Se evidencia la
potencialidad del concepto interseccional en la comprensión de vivencias que afectan a mujeres
negras y otros grupos marginados. Además, este concepto del feminismo negro surge como
esencial en la discusión de las opresiones de género y raza que alcanzan a la mujer en situación
de cárcel.
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