Narrativas de pessoas surdas que apreciam a música

Abstract

Several researches demonstrate the importance of music in people's lives. However, in the case of people with hearing loss, this argument is disregarded because there's still a consensus that it is impossible for those to enjoy the benefits of music. In Brazil, this subject has been discussed in the academic world since the 80's and it's just growing more and more, including the person with hearing loss into the possibilities of musical education. This qualitative and quantitative research intends to present the analysis of knowledge productions found in Portuguese on music and deafness. It also intends to present the narratives of people with hearing loss who have experienced music in varied contexts, and for different reasons. Based on the Historical-Dialectical Materialism, the methodological paths dialogue with the method of exposition, which are guided by the Systematic Review of Literature; Content analysis; Interviews and Oral History. Through interviewing and surveying the interviewee's profile, contexts of these people's experiences are revealed, not only in relation to music, but also considering all the analysis of other factors that, directly or indirectly, are subordinated in the existential context, can not be underestimated. Adults with different degrees of hearing loss participated in this study, with the majority of interviews being mediated by interpreters from Libras, specially hired for this stage of the study. Some interviewees work on institutional musical projects, others are students in music conservatories, and there's one interviewee who's a member of the orchestral body of a religious institution. Some of the interviews found in the first stage of the research, namely in the texts of the productions of knowledge, were taken for the present research, since they served to expand the analyzes of the narratives to formal educational contexts in the regular classroom of public schools. Data from the systematic literature review were organized for content analyzes, and later by Thematic Axes. The Thematic Axes from the knowledge production dialogues with the Thematic Axes of the analysis of the interviews, in order to better explore some of the many knowledge found in the texts, and obviously where there was confluence with the objectives of this research. The results show that those people with hearing loss interviewed for this researchenjoy music. One of the most convincing arguments is the fact that musical learning took place at the initiative of these people themselves. Also the fact that there is a translator / interpreter of Libras to mediate the teaching-learning process was determinant for the entry and success of those in musical contexts with listeners. The interviewees, based on experience, point to phenomena that indicate a peculiar form developed for the appropriation of music. Therefore, it is mainly a question of seeking answers to enable opportunities for people with hearing loss to process knowledge on another level that is totally meaningful and accessible. The results also point out that the condition of deafness is circumstantial, since it has direct relation with actions in the context of social policies of great impact, such as health care for pregnant women, children and adults, and specialized educational services.