Política industrial em países dependentes: limites estruturais do novo desenvolvimentismo

Abstract

The objective of the research was to analyze and compare the structural economic limits of the new South American developmentalism, taking the cases of Brazil and Argentina as examples. The focus of the analysis was the Lula administration (2003-2010) in Brazil and the Néstor Kirchner (2003-2007) and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (2007-2011) governments in Argentina. The analysis of these limits was based on the dependency theory of Ruy Mauro Marini (1973), according to which the economies of Latin American countries belong to a historical process of power relations, since they are dependent on transfers of value from the central economies. Therefore, in general, the new developmentalism is seen as an economic development strategy that theoretically proposes to guarantee the binomial: economic growth and income distribution. Thus, what we intend to analyze is whether the economic orientations based on the new developmentalism and implemented by these governments diverged or converged with neoliberalism. The hypothesis investigated is that the new developmentalism failed to constitute itself as an alternative long-term development model, since it did not configure itself as a counter-hegemonic project to neoliberalism.