Germinação, conservação, produção de mudas e tolerância à inundação da Vochysia divergens Pohl

Abstract

The Vochysia divergens Pohl is an arboreal species of the genus Vochysiaceae, widely distributed in the wetlands of Barão de Melgaço, Poconé and Paraguay across the river Paraguay, usually associated with places that suffer from periodic flooding. Is distributed on an aggregate, forming uniform vegetation types, called cambarazais. Although considered a weed of native grasslands, with potential medicinal, ornamental, and timber melífero. This study examined aspects of germination, storage, vigor, seedling production and survival in an environment flooded. Tests for selection of substrates for germination, indicate that on paper substrates, from paper, roll paper and vermiculite, are effective. The sand substrate was inadequate to conduct tests of germination for this species. To determine the conditions conducive to maintaining the viability of the seeds were tested the packaging in plastic, paper and cans, stored in refrigerator, cold room and under natural conditions. Wrapping in plastic bags or in cans and stored in refrigerator, facilitate the maintenance of seed viability for periods greater than 360 days. To evaluate the efficiency of the accelerated aging test in detecting changes in force, the seeds were incubated in a moist chamber at 41, 43 and 45ºC during the time 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144 and 168 hours. After the period of exposition to stress, were conducted germination tests, and temperature 45°C and 72 hours, an efficient combination to verify changes in force. For the production of lantana seedlings were tested three substrate compositions for filling containers such tubes, as follows: commercial substrate, commercial substrate + 20% vermiculite and land area of occurrence of lantana. The results of height, diameter, dry matter indicate that the use of land area cambará fostered the growth of plants for six months. But the use of commercial substrate or with a mixture of vermiculite keeps the plants for only 30 days and is not recommended under these conditions for use in the production of seedlings of this species. To evaluate the tolerance to flooding, lantana plants were subjected to quotas flooding that ranged from zero to 204,5 cm in a hydroperiod in the wetland. The results indicate a survival rate of 30,9% of the plants, when subjected to a maximum level of inundation of 2.04 cm, and 82 days for 73 days without light. Flooding for 32 days with maximum quota of up to 84,5 cm, not interfere with the survival of lantana plants.