Efeito da prática deliberada em ciclos rápidos no ensino de Suporte Básico de Vida: estudo quase experimental

Abstract

Introduction: lay people facing and Extra-Hospital Cardiorespiratory Arrest may panic and discredit themselves, delaying care for the victim. Therefore, a simulated and repetitive training experience, during which the apprentice can practice his skills without causing harm to the victim, can be na opportunity to acquire knowledge and skills. Objective: To evaluate the influence of training using Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice in university students facing a situation of Cardiorespiratory Arrest and performing Basic Life Support with the use of the Automated External Defibrillator. Methodology: Cross-sectional and quasi-experimental study of the type before and after a single group intervention, developed at the Health Simulation Unit of the Federal University of São Carlos, with a sample composed of 29 lay undergraduate students in the subject of the study. Data collection took place from August to December 2022, after approval of the research by the Human Research Ethics Committee under number CAAE: 50590821.0.0000.5504. Theoretical training and simulated training were carried out with the use of Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice for teaching Basic Life Support and the use of Automated External Defibrillator. Knowledge was evaluated pre and post training through the instrument built with theoretical concepts on the subject, technical performance and practical performance through the evaluation guide in Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice and, finally, self-confidence, pre and post training through the Self-Confidence Scale for intervention in emergencies. Descriptive analyzes were performed for each item, the other statistical analyzes were performed using Poisson regression models, ANOVA models and linear regression models. Results: The profileof the participants was: female (75.86%), between 21 and 22 years old (34.47%), the majority (79.31%) belonging to courses in the health area and 6 (20, 69%) reported having the habit of accessing materials related to the theme. As for the knowledge and self-confidence test, in general, there was an improvement in the scores on all items in the post-test. Regarding the performance of the participants, when comparing the times between the groups, those participants who acted first in the scene obtained significantly greater times in stage 1 and 3, while in relation to the number of repetitions, only in stage 3 there was relevance in the comparison between groups, with two more repetitions in the “not first of the day” group. Conclusion: There was a significant increase in knowledge and self-confidence after training with the use of Deliberate Practice in Rapid Cycles. As for performance, the participants' total performance time was greater in stage 2 and 3, which may be related to the greater complexity of the scenes; while the need for the number of repetitions in the three seasons was similar. The academic area and access to education influenced the time of work in this sample; and the relationship between being the first of the day or not during the performance, impacted the number of repetitions and the total time of stage 2.