Estratégia e desempenho dos escritórios de transferência de tecnologia brasileiros

Abstract

Technology Transfer Offices - TTOs are structures inherent to Science and Technology Institutions - ICT responsible for managing Intellectual Property - IP and Technology Transfer - TT. In Brazil, these structures are commonly called Technological Innovation Centers - NIT, terminology adopted by the Innovation Law in 2004. The ETT are responsible for implementing the TT strategies, that is, they develop activities focused on achieving strategic goals and objectives of ICT TT. Several authors in the international literature analyze factors that influence TT results, but few investigate the performance of the ETT, and even less its decisions about its strategic priorities. Thus, this thesis analyzes how strategic decisions of Brazilian ETT influence their TT results. For that, three chapters (2, 3 and 4) were included in article format. The first is theoretical and have the function of contextualizing the research themes based on the method of systematic literature review. The last two, in turn, are applied with statistical analysis (cluster analysis and regression analysis) to characterize the ETT studied and test the research hypotheses. As main results, in the first article it was seen that despite the growing interest in ETT, there is a greater concentration in studies that analyze strategy and performance and other topics such as human resources, financial resources and networking have fewer studies. With the second article, it was possible to organize the Brazilian ETT into clusters and analyze them, so it was seen that the best performing ETT cluster has a greater emphasis on attributes that minimize the negative effects of the characteristics that hinder the TT process, for example On the other hand, the characteristics related to the high turnover of employees (presence of scholarship holders or interns) and the lack of regular and frequent contact with research groups for prospecting patentable inventions did not declare the same pattern. In the third article, it was seen that strategic objectives oriented towards revenue generation positively satisfied both the results of new protected patents and new licensing agreements. They also indicate that the success metrics used to self-assess the performance of ETT obtained new licensing agreements in different ways. On the other hand, TT results related to invention announcements were not affected by any ETT strategic decision variable. This thesis makes a general contribution to the national and international literature regarding the issue of technology download in the context of the economies of emerging countries, which is still little explored since TT is a recent phenomenon. In this context, it is possible to understand the importance of ICT for Research & Development – R&D and to understand ETT in an initial stage of evolution. In addition, the thesis allows identifying which are the strategic objectives and success metrics that Brazilian ETT should prioritize in order to achieve the intended results in TT.