Uma solução de roteamento para redes de sensores sem fio móveis heterogêneas

Abstract

The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks (MWSNs) are being increasingly used by different applications, such as monitoring of animals, monitoring of vital signs, environmental monitoring, surveillance and protection of critical infrastructure, leaking gas, among many others. Some of these applications are already making use of mobile sensor nodes, such as underwater monitoring, precision agriculture, among many others. Due to restricted resources of sensor nodes, especially in relation to energy consumption, the development for solutions based on WSN and MWSN becomes limited. The use of mobile sensor nodes, which typically has more computational resources, power and communication, can help to reduce the energy consumption of fixed nodes, increasing the lifetime of the network. Networks that use mobile sensor nodes (fixed and mobile) with different types of hardware are called Wireless Sensor Networks Heterogeneous Mobile. This paper presents the RAHMoN (Routing Algorithm for Heterogeneous Mobile Networks), which makes use of data aggregation technique to reduce the traffic transmissions on the network, hierarchy of nodes (clustering), and use of sensor nodes (fixed and mobile) that collaborate to deliver data to a sink node at high speed. In RAHMoN, the network is configured using the techniques of inundation (flooding) and inundation reverse (reverse flooding) to collect the fixed position of sensor nodes and form an adjacency matrix. This matrix helps to build routes for data delivery to the sink and is stored in the mobile sensor nodes. Results show that our solution can guarantee a high packages delivery rate, low latency and reduce the delay of packet delivery. The solution was compared with the WHISPER, present in the literature and also focused on the delivery of data to sink node at high speed.