Qualidade de vida, desempenho de papéis ocupacionais e uso do tempo na percepção de indivíduos obesos pré e pós-cirurgia bariátrica

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity is a matter of universal concern and its prevalence is increasing at epidemic levels worldwide. It is considered a chronic, multifactorial disease characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body. In the present study, the individuals surveyed were obese grade III, due to excess weight, have a negative impact on the quality and life expectancy, for failing to lose weight through less invasive treatments. Through this context, it can be observed that increasing indications of bariatric surgery because of the need for more effective intervention in the clinical management of grade III obese patients, aiming these way positive predictions regarding the condition of life of the individual occurs. In this study, it is also observed, the performance of occupational roles and the degree of importance given to each of them and the use of time devoted to activities that constitute the routine of individuals. Objective: The study had as main objective, to evaluate and compare the quality of life, the performance of occupational roles and the time spent performing routine activities of individuals with obesity before and after bariatric surgery. Methodology: This was a crosssectional study with a cross -section type quantitative approach, performed at the Hospital of Ribeirão Preto, with the participation of 80 subjects divided into 4 groups of 20 patients each: pre-surgical group after group surgical 3 months, 6 months post -surgical and post surgical group 12 months. The following instruments were used: Role Checklist, Clock Activities and WHOQOL BREF quality of life questionnaire. Results: In relation to quality of life, it was found that the postoperative group showed higher than preoperatively in all these domains (Physical, Psychological, Social, Environmental), it was found that all differences were significant and that areas correlated with each other. The results of the Role Checklist, pointed out that in the past the role more marked by pre student, worker and hobby group were, at present, the role of domestic service, family and religious excelled, and in the future, the most important up the roles of hobby, student and volunteer. The post operative group in the past the roles of student, volunteer, work and domestic service were the most evident , at present, more marked papers by this group were domestic service, family and friends , and in the future, it was observed that roles were more prominent, volunteer, student and worker. Regarding the degree of importance it was found that individuals in the postoperative group tended to give much importance to all papers studied, while those of the pre group tended to give any importance to the role organizations. The results regarding the time spent on work, activities with family and personal activities during the week and weekend, pointed out that, although similar, the means of the postoperative group were higher than the preoperative in all variables. Conclusion: The study provided a glimpse of the context of everyday life for individuals in a state of morbid obesity and postoperative, observing all the similarities and differences involved in these periods. Denotes the complexity of the issues involved and the relevance of knowledge about occupational career, the impact of quality of life and natural or simultaneous division of time in relation to different moments in the lives of individuals. Further studies are suggested to the theoretical and empirical depth, aiming at monitoring trends and trajectories of morbid obesity.