Efeitos da fototerapia em marcadores inflamatórios, na função mitocondrial e no estresse oxidativo em roedores com diabetes induzida

Abstract

Tissue repair in diabetic patients is hampered by several factors, including secretion of insulin deficiency that leads to hyperglycemia and production of free radicals. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been identified as one of the probable factors of DM. It is known that phototherapy has proliferative effects in tissues with some pathologies. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of phototherapy using laser and low power LED on tissue regeneration, oxidative stress and mitochondrial markers in diabetic animals. Methodology: 20 Swiss mice (30g, 6 weeks) for the study relating to oxidative stress and 20 Wistar rats (250 g, 8 weeks) were subjected to induction of DM (streptozotocin injection 70 mg / kg) and after 120 days follow up, suffered skin lesions and were treated with Low Level Laser Therapy and LED for 5 consecutive days and on day 6 the animals were killed and the skin removed. Another group of animals (20 male Wistar rats weighing 250 g, 8 weeks) was subjected to laser irradiation and in the LED region of the pancreas for 5 consecutive days and on day 6 animals were killed and the pancreas, liver, and gastrocnemius muscle were removed. Animals were divided into four groups: Sham (healthy control), NID (non-irradiated diabetic), DLED (diabetic irradiated by LED) and DLASER (diabetic irradiated by LED). Levels of catalase, thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), nitrite, collagen content, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) Mitofusin 2 (MFN2), Mitochondrial fission 1 protein (FIS1) liver and muscle glycogen and functional insulin and glucose tests were measured. Results: It was observed in the skin of these animals, increase in collagen content and angiogenesis in irradiated diabetic animals, TBARS levels and lower nitrite in irradiated diabetic. Furthermore, COX-2 expression was higher among NID compared to SHAM and DLED groups. DLED showed the highest scores against MFN2 and FIS1 expression was higher in DLASER group. Laser and LED Therapy altered the expression of VEGF and COX2 and stimulated the proliferation of mature collagen fibers in diabetic animal wounds. About irradiation over pancreas results showed that the NID group, hepatic and muscle glycogen content were statistically lower than DLASER and DLED groups. Adding to these data, the density of the pancreatic duct and pancreatic islets were significantly different when compared to NID. These results suggest that both the low-level laser LED obtained as potential therapeutic effects on the skin and pancreas under conditions hyperglycemic and that both therapies acted modulating histological, angiogenic and mitochondrial parameters on pancreas and skin of diabetic animals.