Análise da diversidade bacteriana em solos

Abstract

Since ancient times the soil has always had a very high importance for the primitive, since the soil was used for food production among other peculiarities. Given this, over time the interest in soil studies were gaining prominence as the study related to soil formation and microorganisms present. With this, it was discovered that many microorganisms present in the soil had beneficial characteristics, and this generated the greater interest to better understand everything that was related to the soil. Taking into account all these points, it is known that in Brazil there is a Brazilian Soil Classification System, which makes it possible to understand what types of soils exist and their characteristics. This is essential in order to understand what type of microorganism is capable of developing, what crop can be planted, and how the soil was formed. However, to obtain an increasingly consistent interpretation of a soil, macro and micronutrient analyzes, pedogenesis, and lately a new analysis has emerged to corroborate all the data, the metagenomics. Therefore, joining all these analyzes is possible to understand all interactions in the soil, including the diversity of microorganisms present. In order to understand all interactions in the soil, samples were collected at the Sugarcane Technology Center (CTC-SP), and these were represented by three different soils, and in these samples physical-chemical analyzes and metagenomic analyzes were performed, which were based on the sequencing by contemplating the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S RNAr gene through the Illumina MiSeq protocol, and later bioinformatics analyzes. From all the data collected and processed through software, these were confronted with the "Silva" bacterial database, and this allowed to determine the bacterial diversity of each type of soil taking into account the levels of taxonomy. Finally, all analyzes were correlated to understand all interactions in each type of soil.