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Análise da morfologia e do transcriptoma dos ovários no desenvolvimento de operárias da abelha sem ferrão Melipona quadrifasciata
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-06-29) Magri, Lucas Araújo; Freitas, Flávia Cristina de Paula; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5139566975444110; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3162-4890; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3282874048124911; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3820-1153; Brito, Reinaldo Otávio Alvarenga Alves de; Simões, Zilá Luz Paulino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8253066295947754; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9692459351489725
Eusocial bees exhibit a division of labor between queens and workers, in which the queen is primarily responsible for colony reproduction. However, in some species, workers retain the ability to produce viable haploid eggs and contribute to colony offspring, as observed in Melipona quadrifasciata. This characteristic raises questions about the molecular mechanisms and transcriptional programs that allow workers to reach adulthood with developed and functional ovaries. In this context, the present study aimed to characterize the ovaries of M. quadrifasciata workers throughout the pupal stage by integrating morphological and transcriptomic analyses. Ovaries were examined using cellular labeling and fluorescence microscopy, while the transcriptome was investigated through RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), employing differential gene expression and gene co-expression analyses to identify genes and modules associated with ovarian development. Morphological characterization revealed that the basic ovarian structures are already established during the early pupal stages, including the organization into four ovarioles, the presence of a terminal filament, and a germarium region containing polyfusomes and ring canals. Developmental progression was marked by major structural changes beginning with the onset of body pigmentation, when the vitellarium became distinguishable and contained developing oocytes associated with nurse cell chambers. Differential expression analyses corroborated this pattern, indicating that the final developmental stage exhibited the highest number of differentially expressed genes, including genes related to ecdysteroid biosynthesis, juvenile hormone pathways, and reproductive processes. Co-expression analyses revealed modules characterized by a progressive decrease in expression throughout development, with hub genes potentially involved in gene repression, chromatin remodeling, ubiquitination, and ecdysteroid biosynthesis. In contrast, a module displaying an antagonistic expression profile showed peak expression at the final developmental stage and contained genes associated with hormonal response, cell signaling, and tissue maturation. Together, these results indicate that ovary development during pupal stage in M. quadrifasciata is characterized by coordinated transcriptional reorganization associated with metamorphic hormone dynamics and the sequential activation of distinct genetic programs. This study expands current knowledge of ovarian development in stingless bees and provides evidence for the integrated involvement of hormonal, epigenetic, and cell signaling mechanisms in the formation of fertile ovaries in worker bees.
Espaços de Sobolev, problemas de contorno e uma introdução ao método das diferenças finitas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-17) Martins, Emilly Chaves; Verri, Alessandra Aparecida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8794549732815622; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8135507306810063
This work is divided into two parts. The first part aims to provide a comprehensive study of one-dimensional Sobolev spaces, examining their theoretical foundations, essential properties, and applications. These spaces play a fundamental role in mathematical analysis and constitute important tools for solving problems in areas such as one-dimensional differential equations. In particular, this work emphasizes boundary value problems on intervals subject to Dirichlet, Neumann, and Robin boundary conditions. The second part is devoted to the main objective of this work: the study of the Finite Difference Method, a numerical approach for obtaining approximate solutions to differential equations. The presentation of the method begins with the formulation of a boundary value problem with Dirichlet boundary conditions, from which its fundamental principles are introduced, culminating in the discussion of its applications.
Caracterização avançada e in situ de concretos refratários aluminosos ligados com geopolímeros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-08-18) Rezende, Breno Silva; Luz, Ana Paula da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3470395641242374; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5941-5388; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6096491274147987; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9774-4563; Crovace, Murilo Camuri; Salomão, Rafael; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2960564171443068; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6005194561707106; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6993-6363; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3392-6857
Monolithic refractory castables are widely used as linings in equipment subjected to high temperatures, chemically aggressive atmospheres, and severe mechanical loads, requiring high thermal stability, mechanical strength, and long-term service durability. Traditionally, calcium aluminate cement (CAC) has been employed as the binder due to its rapid development of green strength and ease of processing. However, its hydraulic nature and the transformation associated with the decomposition of its hydrates during heating may compromise the thermomechanical behavior and microstructural stability of the castables, particularly at intermediate and high temperatures. In this context, the present work investigated the thermomechanical behavior and microstructural evolution of geopolymer-bonded refractory castables synthesized from different precursors – metakaolin, calcined kaolin, and aluminum sulfate production residue –, comparing them with conventional CAC-bonded systems through advanced in situ characterization. The methodology involved formulating castables bonded with CAC and/or geopolymers, followed by physical-mechanical and microstructural characterization at different temperatures, employing in situ elastic modulus, optical dilatometry, and mechanical testing coupled with digital image correlation (DIC). The results demonstrated that binder chemistry directly influences the microstructural evolution and thermomechanical performance of the castables. Geopolymer-bonded systems progressively developed a more efficient ceramic bond through viscous sintering mechanisms, resulting in gains in mechanical strength and elastic modulus after thermal treatments. Among the formulations evaluated, the castable bonded exclusively with metakaolin showed the best overall performance, evidenced by the highest levels of densification, mechanical strength, and stiffness after firing, as well as quasi-ductile behavior at high temperatures. The integrated in situ approach proved effective in identifying phase transformations, liquid phase formation, and damage mechanisms during heating, evidencing the potential of geopolymers as alternative binders to CAC for refractories subjected to high-temperature service conditions.
Attractors for a class of autonomous wave equations of the Klein-Gordon-Zakharov type
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-17) Accarini, Luíza Gomes; Bonotto, Everaldo de Mello; Rosado, José Antonio Langa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2183693074268993; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8765-0764; Nascimento, Marcelo José Dias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7133572787875912; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0703792611191481; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2004-7274; Nascimento, Marcelo José Dias; Belluzi, Maykel Boldrin; Fu, Ma To; Moreira, Estefani Moraes; Bezerra, Flank David Morais; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7133572787875912; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4072119689022816; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5313392830234233; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6532566248140862; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3997742141912443
This work investigates the long-time dynamics of an autonomous coupled Klein-Gordon-Zakharov type wave system defined on a bounded smooth domain in Rn, for n ≥ 3. We establish global well-posedness of solutions in a suitable phase space by employing semigroup theory and we proceed to derive the dissipative properties required in order to construct the associated dynamical system. The asymptotic behavior is then analyzed in detail. We prove the existence of a global attractor, we study some properties for it, such as regularity and upper semicontinuity, and we show that it possesses finite fractal dimension. We also construct exponential attractors for the semigroup generated by the wave system through two different approaches.
A construção da Política Estadual de Assistência Farmacêutica no Rio Grande do Sul: uma análise a partir da sistematização de experiências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-12) Guimarães, Adernanda De Rocco; Gossenheimer, Agnes Nogueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7121458935229774; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7424-8426; Nordi, Aline Barreto de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9965335072268661; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0262-9796; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4252495367417490; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3928-7988; Nordi, Aline Barreto de Almeida; Barbieri Feliciano, Adriana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9965335072268661; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9398810638733882; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0262-9796; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2524-9876
The National Pharmaceutical Assistance Policy guides public policies and constitutes a strategic reference for the organization of Pharmaceutical Assistance within the Brazilian Unified Health System. In Rio Grande do Sul, this framework supported the development of the State Pharmaceutical Assistance Policy, established in 2022 through a collective construction process. This research analyzed the development of the policy considering its historical, political, and institutional context and the conditions and strategies that enabled its consolidation. This qualitative and participatory study was based on the Systematization of Experiences proposed by Oscar Jara Holliday in 2006. It combined document analysis and narrative interviews with managers, workers, and users. The findings revealed a policy developed democratically during the pandemic, supported by listening, shared responsibility, and a territorial approach to care. The narratives expressed a commitment to equity, comprehensiveness, and social participation and recognized the state policy as a milestone for Pharmaceutical Assistance in Rio Grande do Sul. However, limited interprofessional participation and the small number of participants in the public consultation restricted the diversity of perspectives and the breadth of dialogue. The process also revealed historical tensions within the Brazilian Unified Health System and reinforced the importance of cooperative governance. The experience repositions Pharmaceutical Assistance as a transversal component of health care, articulated with the Rational Use of Medicines and Health Care Networks. By recovering trajectories, decisions, and lessons learned, the research contributes to institutional memory and strengthens debates on regionalization, pharmaceutical care, and participatory methodologies. It also demonstrates the potential of the Systematization of Experiences as an analytical and formative tool. The research suggests the development of support materials, monitoring instruments, methodological guides, and participatory workshops to support the implementation of the state policy guidelines. These initiatives reaffirm that public policies are dynamic processes that are continuously updated through knowledge production, participation, and cooperative governance.