Repositório UFSCar

O Repositório Institucional da UFSCar (RI UFSCar) é um sistema de informação que visa armazenar, preservar, organizar e disseminar amplamente a produção intelectual dos diversos setores e segmentos da comunidade da UFSCar, provendo o acesso aberto à informação produzida na instituição e registrada como científica, tecnológica, didática, artístico-cultural e técnico-administrativa.

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Avaliação do envolvimento da neurotransmissão vasopressinérgica da amígdala na empatia relacionada à nocicepção e ansiedade em camundongos machos e fêmeas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-02) Noronha Matos, Jonatã Marques Silva Oliveira de; Canto de Souza, Azair Liane Matos do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0828-7670; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1645895233579485; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4433-3638; Canto de Souza, Azair Liane Matos do; Oliveira, Amanda Ribeiro de; Mascarenhas, Diego Cardozo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4993675879410961; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7995624252986295; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0828-7670; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8457-7338; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0181-747X
Social interaction is a necessary factor for human survival and depends on the ability to understand the intentions and emotions of others, characteristics associated with empathy, which can be observed in humans and other animals. Living with a conspecific with neuropathic pain induces increased anxiety and hypernociception in observer mice (Ob), and the amygdala is one of the structures involved in the modulation of nociception and empathic responses. Vasopressin is a neuropeptide, an agonist of V1A, V1B, and V2 receptors, and atosiban is an antagonist involved in modulating social repertoires, anxiety-like responses, and nociception. In this sense, we demonstrated that systemic injections of vasopressin reversed the hypernociception induced by cohabitation with chronic pain in male mice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of the amygdala's vasopressinergic system in nociception-related empathy in male and female mice that cohabited with a conspecific experiencing chronic pain. Male and female Swiss-albino mice were housed in quartets, and on the 14th day of cohabitation, one animal from the quartet underwent sciatic nerve constriction surgery (CNC) or not (Sham), returning to cohabitation with their respective observers (Ob-CNC and Ob-SH) for another 14 days. On the 24th day, the mice, male or female (Ob-CNC and Ob-SH), underwent stereotaxy for bilateral implantation of cannulas directed to the amygdala. On day 28, all Ob-CNC and Ob-SH animals received bilateral intra-amygdala injections of vasopressin (1.0 µg/0.1 µL, Experiment 1) and atosiban (V1a receptor antagonist, 0.04 and 0.4 µg/0.1 µL, Experiment 2), and after five minutes were subjected to the elevated plus maze (EPM) for 5 minutes. At the end of the EPM test, they received an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of acetic acid (0.6%, 0.1 ml/10 g) and returned to the housing box with their respective CNC and Sham partner for recording the number of abdominal contortions for 5 minutes. The hot plate test was performed on the respective CNC and Sham partners before sciatic nerve constriction surgery (day 14), and after the abdominal writhing test (day 28) to confirm the effectiveness of the surgery and the observers' interaction with the nociceptive animal. The results demonstrated that interaction with the conspecific with chronic pain promoted hypernociception and increased anxiety responses in the pain observers. Intra-amygdala administration of vasopressin (1.0 µg) and atosiban (0.4 µg) reversed the hypernociceptive and anxiety-like effects in male and female observer mice. However, the lower dose of atosiban (0.04 µg) was ineffective in altering the nociceptive response. Intra-amygdala administration of vasopressin produced an anxiolytic-like effect in both male and female observer mice, whereas a higher dose of atosiban (0.4 µg) was effective only in male mice. These findings suggest that amygdalar vasopressinergic neurotransmission modulates emotional and nociceptive processing in male and female mice during emotional pain contagion induced by cohabitation with a conspecific with chronic neuropathic pain.
Análise do perfil da diversidade étnico-racial e de gênero na Engenharia Mecânica em instituições públicas brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-03) Brigagão Junior, Adilson; Antonialli, Armando Ítalo Sette; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4367459395417045
The expansion of Brazilian public higher education, combined with the implementation of affirmative action policies, has contributed to making universities more diverse and expanding access for historically underrepresented groups. Despite these advances, certain programs still exhibit low diversity, such as Mechanical Engineering, which has been historically characterized by the predominance of white men and by racial, gender, and socioeconomic inequalities. In this context, this study aims to analyze the profile of Mechanical Engineering students in Brazilian public institutions and discuss factors that may contribute to the low diversity observed in the program. To this end, a mixed-methods research approach was conducted, combining a qualitative literature review with a quantitative analysis of secondary data. The literature review addressed the historical development of engineering in Brazil, concepts related to diversity and inclusion, studies on racial and gender inequalities, and the experiences of LGBTQIA+ individuals in the academic environment. Additionally, microdata from the Higher Education Census provided by the Anísio Teixeira National Institute for Educational Studies and Research (INEP) for the period from 2020 to 2024 were analyzed. The results highlight progress in higher education access for minority groups, but also point to persistent inequalities in the profile of incoming and graduating students. In this regard, the importance of institutional initiatives aimed at promoting more inclusive and welcoming academic environments—aligned with the National Curriculum Guidelines and the demands of contemporary society—is discussed.
"Mulher tem de ter expediente!": um estudo crítico e interseccional da evasão escolar de mulheres negras do campo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-08-21) Ferreira, Valdirene de Jesus; Zuin, Antônio Àlvaro Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5543562307373287; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6850-2897; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0627939230966347; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6432-0407; Santos, Maria Cristina dos; Gomes, Luiz Roberto; Euclides, Maria Simone; Alves, Rogéria Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1095065753077001; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4768579559449929; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2059427522545695; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7249010458583952
This thesis investigates school dropout among Black women from rural communities, understanding it as a social phenomenon produced within historical relations of inequality that condition the possibilities of access to, persistence in, and completion of schooling. Grounded in Critical Theory of Society and an intersectional perspective, the research aimed to investigate the factors that lead Black women from rural communities to drop out of basic education, considering the intersection of race, gender, economic conditions, and territory. Methodologically, the study was conducted in three complementary stages: literature reviews of national and international academic research on school dropout; descriptive statistical analysis of official data on schooling and school dropout in the Viçosa Microregion, Minas Gerais; and semi-structured interviews with eleven Black women living in rural communities across eight municipalities in the region. The literature reviews revealed a scarcity of studies on school dropout among Black women from rural communities and showed that, even internationally, race, gender, and territory tend to be investigated in a fragmented manner. The statistical analysis made it possible to assess educational inequalities but also revealed limitations in official databases regarding the simultaneous articulation of these social markers. The participants’ narratives demonstrated that the interruption of schooling did not result from individual choice or lack of interest in education, but from the combined effects of territorial barriers, economic constraints, early entry into work, racism, gender inequalities, motherhood, and exclusionary school practices. The findings showed that these factors are not experienced in isolation but intersect and reinforce one another throughout educational trajectories. It is concluded that school dropout among these women expresses historical and structural processes of exclusion that precede their departure from school and contribute to the reproduction of social inequalities, restricting access to knowledge and, consequently, the possibilities for critical education and emancipation.
Resposta autonômica cardíaca durante e após exercício máximo é preservada em adultos jovens fisicamente ativos com COVID longa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-29) Lima, Marco Antonio de; Pereira, Guilherme Borges; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0159911069166581; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5295-6229; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2444405525040960; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7530-0513; de Castro, Cynthia Aparecida; Shiguemoto, Gilberto Eiji; Botero, João Paulo; Leite, Richard Diego; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4608878460951651; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9885031162656978; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5429159170761764; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9102502940689012; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2675-8069; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7621-4329; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0188-9249; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7937-6972
Long COVID (LC) is a condition that generally manifests within three months after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, with symptoms persisting for at least two months and without an alternative diagnostic explanation. Evidence suggests that alterations in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) may contribute to manifestations such as fatigue, palpitations, exercise intolerance, and post-exertional malaise. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a widely used non-invasive method for assessing autonomic modulation and its responses to the physical stress imposed by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). The present study aimed to investigate the autonomic response of individuals with LC during and after CPET using linear and nonlinear HRV analyses, comparing them with a control group (CON) previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 but without persistent symptoms. Thirty-eight physically active young adults aged 18 to 40 years participated in the study: 18 with LC and 20 previously infected controls without persistent symptoms. Analyses were performed at nine time points: rest, peak exercise, immediately after exercise, and at 3, 5, 10, 30, and 60 minutes and 24 hours after the test. This was an observational study with continuous recording of RR intervals using a heart rate monitor, followed by processing in Kubios HRV software. CPET was performed on a treadmill using the Bruce protocol. Analyses were conducted in RStudio (p < 0.05). After filtering the RR intervals (>95% normal beats), linear and nonlinear HRV metrics were extracted at the nine time points. Normality and homogeneity were assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk and Levene tests. Between-group comparisons were performed using Student's t-test or the Mann-Whitney test, according to data distribution. For analyses over time, three-way ANOVA was applied, followed by post hoc comparisons with Tukey adjustment or false discovery rate (FDR) control. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to estimate the time to autonomic recovery, and the log-rank test was used to compare groups. Associations between age and pNN50 were assessed using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation. The discriminative accuracy of the metrics was investigated using ROC curves and AUC comparisons according to the DeLong method. The hypothesis was that the LC group would exhibit greater vagal withdrawal at peak exercise and slower parasympathetic reactivation. No consistent overall differences were observed between the LC and CON groups for most metrics, with only isolated variations across subgroups and sexes. The findings did not support the hypothesis of autonomic impairment associated with LC in this sample, suggesting that potential effects may be subtle, compensated for by physical fitness, or not detectable by the metrics used. These findings provide data for future investigations and rehabilitation strategies.
Tratamentos combinados para resíduos de 2,4-d, picloram e aminopiralide como alternativa para evitar incinerações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-06) Falcão, Thiago Vinicius Porcel; Silva, Edson Luiz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9720274214573371; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3194-4912; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9857184404356864
Agriculture is essential for the global food supply, and its productivity increased with the Green Revolution, which enabled the use of agricultural pesticides. Brazil is one of the world's largest grain producers and exporters; in the 2024/2025 crop season, the country achieved a record production of approximately 350,206 thousand tonnes. This growth is driven by intensive cultivation, which helps protect native areas; however, such high productivity creates a strong reliance on agrochemicals. Brazil has become the world's largest consumer of these substances, using 800,652 tonnes. Maintaining the production chain generates effluents that can impact the environment; these effluents contain active ingredients such as 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), Picloram, and Aminopyralid. Currently, the treatment of these liquid wastes—originating from batch formulation processes and equipment decontamination—relies in some cases on incineration. Although incineration breaks down the chemical stability of aromatic rings, it has disadvantages, such as high operating costs and greenhouse gas emissions. This undergraduate project sought to identify a technical alternative to incineration for treating liquid wastes containing the herbicides 2,4-D, Picloram, and Aminopyralid at an industrial facility in the state of São Paulo. The research was qualitative and descriptive, conducted through a case study. Based on an analysis of the active ingredients' physicochemical properties and the mechanisms of alternative processes, an integrated treatment route was identified. The proposal involved the sequential application of a Membrane Separation Process (MSP) to concentrate the effluent, followed by Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) to break down the aromatic ring structures and convert them into biodegradable linear intermediates; the treatment concluded with a biological (microbiological) process to metabolize the compounds, followed by the polishing of remaining traces via adsorption.