Representações sociais do trabalho de pessoas que convivem com HIV/AIDS em uso de terapia antirretroviral

Abstract

Introduction: HIV/AIDS assumed the character of a chronic disease, especially with antiretroviral therapy. To the extent that one experiences a biological recovery and the possibility of life; the adverse effects of medications and a coexistence with psychosocial barriers emerge. In this perspective, work is highlighted as an important interface of daily life. Objective: To analyze the social representations of the work of people living with HIV/AIDS in the use of antiretroviral therapy. Methods: Qualitative research, based on Social Representations Theory. It covers two phases: the mapping of scientific productions (scoping review) and the field work developed in a Specialized Attention Service (SAS). Inclusion criteria: to be in SAS at the time of data collection; age greater than or equal to 18 years; positive serology for HIV; being in regular use of antiretroviral therapy; to be in mentally conditions and have been employed with paid work for a minimum period of 3 months. The exclusion criterion was coinfection under treatment. A socioeconomic and clinical questionnaire and semi-structured interviews were applied. The analysis was thematic categorial. Results: 18 interviews were carried out. Three thematic categories emerged. The work of people living with HIV/AIDS has been anchored to the elements of social representations of HIV/AIDS and antiretroviral therapy. It is represented by the possibility of survival and to remain in work activities with the advent of antiretroviral therapy. On the other hand, meanings of prejudice, stigma and fear are established. For the female gender, domestic activities are also considered, often leading to a choice between work, family care and treatment. Formal work is recognized for providing better stability. Informality and autonomous work seem to show greater flexibility in the face of disease and therapeutics. Retirement is seen as a safe haven for those who failed to return to work activities. They look for adaptations and strategies to coexist with the adverse effects and to maintain the condition secrecy, before the necessity to have closer to the "normal" life and to avoid constraints and loss of the employment. Final Considerations: Investigating the work of those living with HIV/AIDS is necessary for a better understanding of the meaning of life and health; being able to contribute with the direction of actions to these people in their importance.