Modelagem de um hidrante de coluna no EPANET com vistas a determinação da vazão disponível

Abstract

Based on the perception of the risk that the daily handling of fire can cause fires in buildings, shops, schools, public and historical heritage, it is necessary to improve the current conditions to contain it. Firefighting is carried out using a large amount of water that needs to be available at a distance and under conditions adequate to enable the service of the Fire Department to be efficient. It is in this scenario that the hydrant flow is so important as an object of study. That This work is justified by suggesting the development of a simulation technique computational, based on field measurements that allow the simulation of the opening of a hydrant in a distribution network using the EPANET software, which does not allow direct consideration of accessories. Thus, the objective was to obtain the available flow in the water supply system, as well as determining the discharge coefficient for short tubes, measure the flow in the field and propose an adjustment of the coefficient of hydrant discharge considering the pressure and flow measured in the field. As for methodology was based on the development of a model in EPANET that enabled determine a theoretical discharge coefficient for use in short tubes, making the considerations of actual effects by considering the head loss coefficient (K). As well as, the survey in the field with pressure measurements next to the water distribution in order to determine the flow, determination of the flow through of a theoretical formulation by measuring the hydrant water jet and subsequently, an adjustment of the theoretical model was carried out in EPANET. With the construction of the model computational, it can be concluded that the emission coefficient (CE) is influenced proportionally across the transverse area of ​​the outlet nozzle, moreover, for higher values or equal to 3000 L.s-1.m-0.5, resulted in a stable flow and it was observed that it can be used in discharge branches with DN equal to or less than DN200. For the proposal of hydrant column modeling, using VRP (fictitious) the results were shown satisfactory and consistent with the flow values ​​provided by the fire department, considering the nozzle diameter of 63.5mm and the pressure loss coefficient (K) - Loss Coeff, 1.55. Because the data comes from tabulated data interpolation, these must be viewed with caution, as there is no knowledge about the origin of the values taken in the table.