Dos conceitos fundamentais da termodinâmica ao resetting de computadores quânticos

Abstract

Thermodynamic has been known and studied for centuries, whereas the field of computing, more specifically quantum computing, is new and currently a lot of research has being done to understand and develop this field of physics. Despite the difference in age these branches have, they are understood and expressed by fundamental functions and principles, such as energy, entropy, information, heat, concepts of dissipation and conservation, among many others examples, and the advancement and development of areas allow us to be always updated.

Just in the last century, for example, we started, in the scope of computing, to relate entropy with information. Also in this last century it was developed by R. Landauer a principle that relates information with heat flux, this last one has always been strongly linked to the area of thermodynamics, and thus it made clear to us the intersection between the two areas. As time goes by, quantum computing arises and it is growing rapidly, mainly due to its technological appeal.

In this work, we are focused on the connection between these branches and just as Landauer's principle we focus our studies on functions that connect the two areas, using appropriate definitions for quantum systems, in order to increase our understanding of quantum thermodynamics. Through the analysis of the results obtained, we were able to observe new and some even counterintuitive behaviors. One of these ones noticed allowed us to develop a reset protocol for quantum systems, a tool widely used in quantum computing.