Chlorella sorokiniana como biofábrica para produção de luteína uma revisão a partir da engenharia metabólica

Abstract

Lutein is a carotenoid of industrial interest because it has application in the food and pharmaceutical industry, with benefits for human health. Currently its production takes place through marigold flowers, which uses a large area for planting and high consumption of water resources. The production of high-value-added molecules by microorganisms has received increasing attention. Microalgae are one of the main organisms to be explored due to their ability to grow autotrophically. In addition, compared to terrestrial vegetables, they would take up less space and are not subject to seasonality, ensuring constant production throughout the year. Lutein is produced by different microalgae, with Chlorella sorokiniana being a species capable of accumulating large amounts of this compound, in addition to having rapid growth. This makes it a potential target for industrial production of lutein. There are many studies in the literature aimed at increasing the concentration of lutein in C. sorokiniana by inducing stress in cultivation or even by generating random mutations in its genome. Genetic manipulation and metabolic engineering are techniques that have also received attention with a focus on generating a lutein-producing strain. This study aimed to search the literature for new synthetic biology and metabolic engineering tools applied to Chlorella sorokiniana in order to improve the efficiency of lutein production metabolism.