Do invisível ao visível: o mapeamento dos grupos sociais do estado de Mato Grosso - Brasil

Abstract

xuberant landscape, identities that are at the mercy of the historical indifference and of the hegemonic economy of the agribusiness that advances over the so‐called empty spaces are hidden. In these different environments, a rich cultural mosaic of interacting identities, that many times, are invisible or barely known coexist. With this pseudo‐invisibility, many social groups are not being attended in the elaboration of public policies. An example of this can be noticed in the policies that aim at the territorial management of the State, such as the Ecological Socioeconomic Zoning Project of Mato Grosso that did not support the different social groups that form the mato‐grossense landscape. In the attempt to overcome this fragility and give visibility to this beautiful cultural mosaic, we started in 2008, a daring proposal of building the Mapping of identities and territories of the State of MT , proposed and carried out by the leadership of the Research Group in Environmental Education, Communication and Arts (GPEA) of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT) with the important contribution of several partners. Enrolled in this project, we assumed the commitment of performing the mapping of the social groups of MT, with the aim of identifying and registering the identities of resistance. Based on the triad inhabitants-habits-habitats, we sought to understand the identity of the mapped social groups, their different rationalities and ways of life that limit the characteristics of their territories in an intrinsic relationship between culture and nature. Besides, we seek to understand how the identities of these groups are constructed, destroyed and re‐constructed due to the alterations in the habitats. In this trajectory, we elaborated a methodology called Social Map that used the narratives of the representatives of several social groups, aiming at understanding the essence of the identities that build different meanings and act in the different mato‐grossense biomes. Two seminars of Social Mapping with more than 500 participants from 54 municipalities; were held in 2008 and 2010. There were more than 70 Indigenous representatives of 19 ethnicities, of Maroon communities, pantaneiro peoples, families who were camping, settlers, family farmers, rubber‐tappers, extractivist workers, gypsy communities, affected by dams, people from Araguaia, Morroquian communities, among others. In an ethnographic approach field researches were also carried out. In this becoming of several groups and movements we expose the existence of old and new social protagonists, totalizing 52 social groups /communities/movements that added to 47 Indigenous ethnicities that resulted in a prognostic of 99 mapped identities. In the search for finding space for them, a map of the social groups was made, an important result of this thesis. In this map the identities built in traditional dimensions; of the place of culture and habitat; of labor, work and production; of the driving forces and development; and, of the choices and philosophies of life were shown and circumscribed in the territories. The expectation is that with information provided by this research, there will be subsidies for articulations, partnerships and alliances so that the social groups can be strengthened in their struggle for the protection of the State s ecosystems and be attended by the public policies. The environmental education comes hand in hand in this circle allied to the valuing of culture, in the daring idea of reconstructing the sustainable societies that re‐signify values such as environmental justice, belonging and democracy. There are loose dots and lines, but there is also, a territory of hopes that transcends this tyrant time, rescuing the weavings of the collective dreams.