Aspectos bionômicos de geometridae (Lepidoptera) associados a plantas de mata atlântica na reserva biológica da Serra do Japi, Jundiaí, SP

Abstract

Immature stages of Geometridae (Lepidoptera) and their parasitoids (Ichneumonoidea and Chalcidoidea) were recorded and collected in two areas of Serra do Japi Municipal Biological Reserve, in Jundiaí, São Paulo. Occurrence of larvae were recorded associated with 14 plant species, collected in two environments: semideciduous mesophytic forest (MS) and understory between eucalipto (SB). The sampling period was from September 2011 to September 2012 and the larvae were kept in laboratory until emergence of adult parasitoids or Geometridae. On MS were collected 143 larvae, from this total, 12 were parasitized and 131 reached the adult stage; on SB, 129 larvae were collected, 12 were parasitized and 117 reached the adult stage. The most abundant species in the MS was Eois tegularia (Geometridae, Larentiinae), with 64 larvae. Physocleora sp.1, was the specie with the highest association of parasitoids, with 6 parasitized larvae. In SB, the most abundant species were the Nephodia aff. panacea (Geometridae, Ennominae), with 32 larvae collected, and also the species with the highest number of association with parasitoids. Piper sp. (Piperaceae), showed the highest number of larvae collected in the MS and Alchornea triplinervia (Euphorbiacea) of SB. The highest number of larvae parasitized on MS were recorded and collected for Croton floribundus (Euphorbiaceae), 6 larvae; on SB, the largest number of parasitized larvae was Alchornea triplinervia. Among the parasitoids, the genus Diolcogaster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) were the most abundant with 18 samples. It was registered a new kind of Aleiodes (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae), associated with Physocleora grossica. larvae and Ischnopteris sp. on MS associated Alchornea triplinervia (Euphorbiacea). From complementary collections for parasitoids, with Malaise trap, Moericke trap and vegetation sweep, the Glyptapanteles genus follow by Diolcogaster, both Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae that emerged from geometridae larvae were the most abundant. For parasitoids, the results indicated the importance of obtaining from host larvae in the laboratory, besides the use of the main methods of collecting adults.