Processos de enfrentamento e resiliência familiar : percepção da família de dependentes de álcool, crack e outras drogas

Abstract

The family experiences the dependence of psychoactive substance on one or more family members, and may be shaken by persistent crises and stresses that permeate this reality, and may or may not emerge from adverse situations with more resources and strengthened. To this phenomenon or capacity of overcoming presented by an individual, a group or a community, it is called resilience. The objective of this study was to understand aspects of the perception of family members of psychoactive substance dependents on the fundamental elements in the functioning of their family that help in family resilience. The method consisted of descriptive and qualitative research, carried out with five families of psychoactive substance dependents, who were submitted to the semistructured interview, and genogram construction and ecomap for contextualizacion. The empirical field was the Center for Psychosocial Care-alcohol and other drugs of a city in the interior of São Paulo or the family's home. The interpretative theoretical framework consisted of the family resilience of Froma Walsh. The analysis of the data was based on the technique of Content Analysis, thematic category. The results pointed out that in the organizational pattern, family resilience involves the mobilization and union of the family in search of support and social support intrafamiliar, extended family and extrafamiliar. Family resilience involves positive perspectives that strengthen the family, which consist of persistence, perseverance, hope, faith, and religious practices, especially prayer. Family resilience also involves assertive communication, which requires calm and appropriate voice tone. It was concluded that although chemical dependence can have serious repercussions in families, this adverse situation can be seen as a challenge to be faced and overcome through the potentials and forces existing in the family system. This study contributed to the perspective of using the fundamental elements of resilience in the process of evaluation and intervention for the care of families who seek help to CAPS-AD.