Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2001-06-21"

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Efeitos do silenciamento de duas Triptofanil-tRNA sintetases de Trypanosoma brucei mediante RNA de interferência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2001-06-21)
Sánchez, Liliana Torcoroma García
;
Thiemann, Otávio Henrique
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4933022274560322
The parasitic Trypanosoma brucei is the causative agent of African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) in humans, and nagana in animals and is responsible for heavy socioeconomic losses in most countries of sub-Saharan Africa. Therapy against sleeping sickness is unsatisfactory because the toxicity and arising of the drug resistant parasites. Trypanosomatids contain a single mitochondrion, the kinetoplast, whose genetic code deviates from the universal code where a UGA stop codon is used as a Trp codon. A single nuclear-encoded tRNATrp(CCA), that can decode the canonical Trp codon, is used by both the nucleus and mitochondria genes. A C to U editing event at position 34 of tRNATrp(CCA) changes the anticodon from CCA to UCA allowing the decoding of the UGA stop codon to Trp from the mitochondrial genes. We have identified two different nuclear-encoded tryptophanyl-tRNA-synthetase (WARSs) genes (one cytoplasmic (WARS1) and the other to the kinetoplast (WARS2)) in both Leishmania and Trypanosoma cells. With the purpose to validate the mitochondrial WARS enzymes of trypanosomatids, as potential drug targets, we performed gene silencing (RNAi) experiments with both WARSs forms from T. brucei. In the conditions tested, the expression of dsRNA from a dual promoter system generated potent RNA silencing, leading to clear phenotypes characterized by morphologic alterations, severe growth inhibition, reduction in the levels of oxygen consumed (only TbWARS2) and cellular death. The efficiency and specificity of silencing were estimated by quantitative PCR and significant modifications of the specific amount of TbWARSs mRNA were evidenced.
Desenvolvimento de componentes para sistemas cooperativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2001-08-06)
Santos, Helen de Freitas
;
Souza, Wanderley Lopes de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3742302894743620
Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) is a multidisciplinary field that looks for appropriate studies to promote cooperation among groups of people involved in an common task to make use of a computational support to facilitate this cooperation. Besides studying several computation ways to facilitate the cooperative activities, the design, software development and implementation of the support computational are also object of study of CSCW. The cooperative activity support has a great importance because these activities involving a group of people are larger amount that individual ones to the compliment of a common purpose. Within this sense, this research introduces a collection of identified cooperative components through the utilization of a component-based software development methodology.
Hidrologia dos bancos e ilhas oceânicas do nordeste brasileiro. Uma contribuição ao Programa Revize
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2001-08-06)
Becker, Helena
;
Mozeto, Antonio Aparecido
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6594211224864538
This work has as objectives to supply data on the temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH and nutrients (nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and silicate), of the areas of the banks and oceanic islands of the Zone Economic Exclusive of North-East Brazil, to describe seasonal and the spatial variations of these parameters and to systematize the obtained data, through the elaboration of a database, with views to facilitate a posterior analysis, integrated with the other areas of the knowledge, of areas thankfully important of the economic and lacking point of view, of the scientific point of view, of this type of information, so that the relationship can be established between the nutrients salts and the responsible elements by the productivity of the aquatic way. The researched area is inserted in the sub-area II / section 1 and 2 of the Program REVIZEE at 1°N e 5°S and 29° e 40°W, including the North Chain of Brazil, Fernando of Noronha chain and Sain Peter and Saint Paul archipelago, embracing 67 stations and 443 samples the summer of 1997 and 66 stations and 418 samples in the fall of 1998, profaned a total of 133 stations and 861 samples and a researched area of 600.000 km². The studied area presented a marked permanent termocline, so much in the summer as in the fall, with the depth varying with the latitude and with them season, being more superficial and with larger gradient in the fall, in agreement with the typical pattern of the areas equatorial and tropical. The mixture layer was more homogeneous in the summer, of smaller thickness in the fall and decreasing in higher latitudes. The superficial distribution of the temperature of the sea presented larger homogeneity degree in the summer and larger width of thermal variation in the fall. The smallest temperatures were registered in the area of Saint Peter and Saint Paul archipelago and close Oceanic area to this archipelago, in the two seasons. The area of Saint Peter and Saint Paul archipelago went to that presented the samllest salinity values, in the two seasons. A maximum of sub-surface salinity was present in the approached depth of the I begin of the termoclina, being more accentuated in the lowest latitudes, so much in the summer as in the fall. The diagrams T-S indicates the presence of three characteristic masses of water of the area: The Equatorial Surface Water, with salinity of 35,5 to 36,5 UPS and temperature >26°C, that occupies a strip very it narrows in the area; the Subtropical Salinity Maximum, with temperature between 20° and 5°C and salinity between 36,0 and 37,0 UPS, occupying a strip between the 50 and 200 m; South Atlantic Central Water, with temperatures between 20° and 5°C and salinity 36,00 to 34,34 UPS, placed below the Subtropical Salinity Maximum. Upwelling was observed, in the stations located in the close Oceanic area to the Saint Peter and Saint Paul archipelago, based on the elevations of the isotherms, low oxygen and high superficial concentration of the nutrients, in the two perios of the year. The concentration of the dissolved oxygen was close of the saturation in the superficial and sub-superficial layers and conditions anaerobic they were not observed in the column of water. The pH was always in the alkaline strip and with values more elevated in the area of Saint Peter and Saint Paul archipelago. The most abundant form of the nitrogen was the nitrate, mainly in the summer where the obtained values, in the layer eufotic, they were larger than in the fall. the same vertical distribution was obtained for the nitrate, phosphate and silicate, along the column of water, so much in the summer as in the fall and the vertical distribution of the nitrite is associated with the nitracline, in both studied periods. The statistical analysis of the results showed that the temperature didn't present seasonal influence, while the salinity and the nutrients, mainly the silicate, varied its distribution with them researched season. The area that showed larger variability with the periods of the studied year, in the tests of contrasts, went the one of to North Chain of Brazil, suggesting a seasonal influence with the discharge of the Amazonas River. For the obtained results it was verified that three areas statistical different exist: (the) Area of the banks of the North Chain of Brazil, (b) Area of Fernando of Noronha chain and (c) Area now denominated East of Sain Peter and Saint Paul archipelago, that includes the area of oceanic domain and Saint Peter and Saint Paul archipelago.
Área de pesquisa de opinião e mercado: um estudo sobre processo de profissionalização
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2001-08-30)
Silva, Érica Regina da
;
Bonelli, Maria da Glória
Reconstrução tomográfica de imagens utilizando técnicas POCS seqüenciais e paralelas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2001-08-31)
Salina, Fernando Vernal
;
Mascarenhas, Nelson Delfino d'Ávila
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0557976975338451
In this dissertation four algorithms are presented for the tomographic reconstruction of images using methods denominated POCS - Projections onto Convex Sets, which are the ART - Algebraic Reconstruction Technique, the SIRT - Simultaneous Iterative Reconstructive Technique, the sequencial POCS and parallel POCS. A comparison is made between the reconstruction methods named above, in the presence of noise and in the reconstruction from limited view. In each reconstruction, the result of each iteration is compared with the desired image, also showing the convergence curve for each method. For the tomographic reconstructions, projections from test bodies obtained throught simulation were used and also experimental projections obtained by the mini-tomograph scanner of CNPDIA-EMBRAPA. Although were considered only the reconstruction based an projections obtained with parallel beams, the methods here described can also reconstruct images that are independent of the source-detector geometry used by the tomograph scanner. The use of restrictions over the solutions, as in the case of serial and parallel POCS, demonstrated efficiency in reducing the variability due to the ill-conditioning of the problem.
Arquitetura de redes neurais para o reconhecimento facial baseado no neocognitron
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2001-09-27)
Bianchini, Ângelo Rodrigo
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Saito, José Hiroki
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7065615446493390
In this dissertation it is presented a face recognition system based in the neocognitron (NEOPC). This system is divided into three major stages: (a) pré-processing: which normalizes the facial samples utilized in the neural network architectures; (b) Neural Network for Detection of Control Points (NNDCP): which obtains the control points to be used in the non supervised training structure of the neocognitron and (c) Neural Network for the Facial Recognition (NNFR), which carried out the recognition of face samples.The main characteristic of NEOPC is the use of control points for the extraction of patterns strategically located, such as eyes, noses and lips, used on non supervised training of the NNFR. The tests of the NEOPC were carried out, considering facial samples having variations of angles and expressions, and different amounts of classes and samples to the training and recognition stages. For the attainment of the results, a base of images released by the University of Cambridge and three bases of images developed as part of this work. In order to compare the several results obtained with the four bases of images investigated in this dissertation we present in all of them relevant information, such as, the thresholds used for the excitation of neurons, rightness and error rates. The results shows that the NEOPC performance increases with the number of samples used for the training, until an optimal point, and then decreases. It is explained by the increase of the cell numbers with the features from new samples, difficulty the recognition.
Paisagística e conservação de biodiversidade na região sul mineira: subsídios ao desenvolvimento rural sustentável
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2001-10-30)
Cavallini, Marcelo Meirelles
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Nordi, Nivaldo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8168865557947289
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9864133952600325
Habitat loss is the largest factor contributing to the current regional species extinction event. The implementation of parks and reserves is an important strategy to protect ecosystems, but planning is necessary to adjust socioeconomic development and natural resources conservation, especially around protected areas. This study was realized in some municipalities of Mantiqueira mountain range, south of Minas Gerais state (Brazil). The objective was to obtain, organize and integrate historic, cultural, agrarian and ecological information, contributing for the environmental planning based on the rational use of natural resources. The utilization of different methodologies in analysis process allowed to provide important results to understand the environmental context, as well as permitted to supply complementary development proposals for this region. The results support family farmer as an agrarian model that propitiates best possibilities to natural areas conservation and management.
Aspectos bionômicos de Geometridae (Lepidoptera) Erythroxylum microphyllum (Erythroxylaceae) na região de São Carlos, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2001-11-12)
Marconato, Gláucia
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Dias Filho, Manoel Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1346547036069954
This work was carried out in a Cerrado area near to riparian forest. We studied the Geometridae associated to Erythroxylum microphyllum. The samples were collected at each two weeks, during a year. Its was used the method of entomological umbrella. The larvae was grown in the laboratory, using the host plant as food. It occured 22 species of Geometridae arranged in 15 genus, 11 genus of Hymenoptera Parasitca and two Diptera Tachindae. The most common species that occured was Cyclomia mopsaria, whose relative abundance was 83%. Other Geometridae recorded were: Glena unipennaria, G. bipennaria, G. demissaria, G. brachia, Physocleora junctilinea, P. cariaria, Physocleora sp., Iridopsis fulvitincta, I. nigraria, Hymenomima amberia, Macaria regulata, Ischnopteris sp., Prochoerodes onustaria, Prochoerodes sp., Thyrinteina arnobia, Nematocampa sp., Melanolophia sp., Isochromodes, Semaeopus lunifera and Semaeopus vizaria. The Hymenoptera parasitoids were: Microcharops peronata, Charops sp., Metopius sp., Hyposoter sp., Mesochorus sp., Aleiodes sp., Distatrix sp., Meteorus sp., Protapanteles sp., Rasivalva sp., e Euplectrus sp. The Diptera Tachinidae were: Winthemia sp., and a Blondeliini species. The period of higher occurrence of larvae was between the end of rainy season and the begining of the dry season. At this same period, was recorded the lowest rate of parasitism.
Estudo da biodiversidade dos Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) em área de mata Atlântica do Parque Estadual do Jaraguá. São Paulo/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2001-11-13)
Yamada, Magda Viviane
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Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147
For the planning and environmental monitoring aiming at the conservation, the arthropods are appropriated as indicating species due to its great abundance, morphologic, taxonomic and functional diversities. Despite the potential for the use of Insecta as bioindicators, little attention has been spent to them by biologists, ecologists and taxonomists, not only in the current knowledge application, but also for new methodologies development. For this reason, this study proposal was to evaluate the potential use of the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) as terrestrial biodiversity indicator in the State Park of Jaraguá, São Paulo state, Brazil. A multimetric characterization involving the environmental variables (temperature, luminosity and humidity) and biotic variables (vegetation, hosts and parasitoids) were applied in order to characterize the selected microenvironments. The samples of the organisms were obtained in a condensed way in four periods of ten days corresponding to the dry season (November of 1999 and July of 2000) and to the rainy one (March and December of 2000). In order to sample a large local faunistic diversity, three backing techniques of insects collection were used: Malaise traps, Yellow Pan Traps and Sweeping of the Vegetation. The clustering analysis method was applied to evidence the similarity among sampling sites in the dried and rainy periods. Many fast techniques of environment evaluation of quality adopt a multimetric boarding using a set of metric in order to evaluate the environment degradation. In this study we use as metric four categories of variables: variables of parasitoids community structure, ecological parasitoids variables, environmental variables and variables of the floristic composition. The Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was used aiming at evidencing possible standards in the sites of sampling in the different seasons in relation to the metric ones. Were captured 2449 specimens of Braconidae, in which the more collected subfamilies were Alysiinae, Doryctinae and Microgastrinae with approximately 74% of the total sample. The analysis allowed us to verify two groups of habitats, one formed by Sopé and Silêncio and another formed by Zé, Pico and Aloja. The results indicate a difference in the structure of the community, mainly in relation to the sites sampled, suggesting that the different uses of the ground can influence the biotic variables (Alysiinae, Microgastrinae, etc.) and the abiotic variables (luminosity, humidity, etc.). Moreover, this study indicates the potential use of some metric to the evaluation of environmental quality, considering the Braconidae as bioindicators.
Paradigmas estratégicos de gestão da manufatura: configuração, relações com planejamento e controle da produção e estudo exploratório na indústria de calçados.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2001-11-19)
Godinho Filho, Moacir
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Fernandes, Flavio Cesar Faria
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6136685270563354
This work presents a new concept in Production Management field: Manufacturing Management Strategical Paradigms (MaMSPs). The main MaMSPs are identified: Modern Mass Production (MMP), Lean Manufaturing (LM), Responsive Manufacturing (RM), Mass Customization (MC) and Agile Manufacturing (AM). Relationships between these paradigms and manufacturing strategic goals and between the paradigms and important aspects o Production Control are proposed, providing a strategic approach to Production Management. Regarding each specific paradigm, this work reaches some important goals: it shows that Mass Production is still used in brazilian shoe industry, with some differences regarding Fordism. Relating LM, a literature review on this matter is structured according to four key elements of all MaMSP. Regarding RM, we propose a new methodology for design and implementation of RM. This methodology focuses on Production Control activities, which we consider the key to reach responsiveness. Regarding MC and AM we differentiate these paradigms. This differentiation contributes to diminish some concepts confusion about these paradigms. In this work we also propose two other methodologies: i) to identify the MaMSP used for a company; ii) to identify the most suitable MaMSP for a company. Both methodologies are illustrated in six case studies on brazilian shoe industry. Using both methodologies in a coordinated way provides a correct strategic position for companies. Finally, we conclude that this work contributes with Production Management field through the proposition of some methodologies regarding Manufacturing Strategy and Production Planning and Control.
Prospecção tecnológica em materiais: aumento da eficiência do tratamento bibliométrico. Aplicação na análise de tratamentos de superfície resistentes ao desgaste
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2001-12-07)
Faria, Leandro Innocentini Lopes de
;
Gregolin, José Angelo Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842651773105125
Nowadays, there is a wide information bulk in accelerated increase that needs high efficiency of analysis to the decision maker. Databases spreading become more important the production of indicators to technological forecasting by using automated bibliometric analysis. Although, the most databases aren t structured for this goal. In this way, it becomes fundamental the data preparation considering the technologies studied, the features of database used and of information retrieved, besides of the programming technologies. In this work, it was developed solutions to increase the efficiency of bibliometric analysis from essential databases in materials science and technology. New solution was developed to the Metadex database that allowed automatic grouping of processes, properties, factors that can influence properties and processes and shape of materials. Also, it was created a new database contained more than 30 millions of restructured records from Web of Science, inserting all the cited authors besides the first (the only one available), classification inserting, improvement of data retrieval and others. Study complementary was developed to improve the Derwent Innovation Index that improved the technological study of different countries. The methods were applied to the forecasting study of hermetic compressor surface treatments. It was possible to create and analyze indicators of the main surface treatment technologies to decrease wear, relations between applications and coatings types, among R&D fields, countries, institutions, companies and renowned researches. Also, the developed methods can be adaptable to as other databases as other technological forecasting studies like materials field or other technological and scientific knowledge fields.
Mecanismos de identificação de soja não geneticamente modificada no sistema agroindustrial da soja: um estudo multi-caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2001-12-20)
Leonelli, Fabiana Cunha Viana
;
Azevedo, Paulo Furquim de
The present thesis investigated the role of coordination and management supply chain in face of identifies no-GM crops and the need to preserve the identity of grains. This change traverses the entire productive chain, from the seeds industry to the final consumer, ever more demanding in terms of issues related to food safety. A new arrangement in the system (Strictly Co-ordination) will be linked to the capacity of the various agents of the agroindustrial systems to coordinate and manage these relationships, mainly by means of the development of mechanisms of incentives and control, including efficient forms of identity preservation (IP), traceability and certification of the product throughout the chain. The latter will play a fundamental role in diminishing the information asymmetry between producers and consumers and valuated agri-food products. The theoretic framework utilized was Transaction Cost Economics, which allowed the foundation and systematization of the analysis, validated by case studies that involved situations of Identity Preservation in Brazil. Thus, four firms that work with non-GM soybeans and utilized segregation systems, incentives and monitoring of crops production were analyzed. It was verified that, indeed, the trend toward product segregation involves the need for adaptations and alteration in the predominating governance form. Identity preservation also involves increased costs, which permeate all phases of the productive chain. These costs are identifiable and have a strong relationship to the characteristics of the transactions and to the attributes of the product one wishes to segregate. The thesis also identified that incentive and monitoring strategies are fundamental for the success of the identity preserved (IP) system. The other relevant aspect was about reputation of the certificated entity.
A gênese teórica da concepção habermasiana de esfera pública
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-02-07)
Campato, Roger Fernandes
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Maar, Wolfgang Leo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8746615407370574
This dissertation aims to discuss the theoretical sources taken by Jürgen Habermas to legitimate his concept of public sphere (Öffentlichkeit). The study also presents alternative interpretive perspectives to the one assumed by Habermas in The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere (Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit).
Influência da tensão residual no empenamento de peças aeronáuticas usinadas a partir de placas laminadas de ligas de aluminio da serie 7XXX
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-02-19)
Hyodo, Alexandre
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Bolfarini, Claudemiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037
The fast growing of regional jets market has required from airframe manufacturers a prompt attending to market demands and the primary parts fabrication at a planned quality, quantity, and time at low costs. In order to achieve this, the process robustness is a key concept to be kept in mind, it means that the manufactured parts shall be conform to engineering specifications and geometric tolerances as well, regardless the raw material source used in machining process. Warping or machining distortion is one of the main problems identified during machining process. The corrective action for warping impacts the manufacturing lead-time, production costs, and production plan accomplishment. The influence of raw material on machining process performance is one of the main variables, is an assumption of this work. Recently, studies related to this approach have started and little technical literature is available. Otherwise, the availability of technical literature related to machining parameters, and cutting tools has been exhaustively explored. The aim of this work is to study the influence of material, in specific, the residual stress originated during thermo-mechanical processing of 7XXX series aluminum alloy plates, on warping of primary parts manufactured through milling machining. The layer removal method was the experimental technique chosen to measure the residual stress. Through this method is possible to determine the through thickness residual stress profile, the more suitable information for this study. In addition to this, the W parameter, which gives the average residual stress level per volume unit of plate and is a function of existing residual stress profile was also derived. It was correlated to warping level of machined from plates with several W parameter values. Parts machined from low W parameter values (lower than 1,0 kJ/m3) plates presented warping measurements remarkably lower than measurements made with parts machined from plates with W parameters values higher than 2,0 kJ/m3. This trend agrees with data available in literature and demonstrates the layer removal method results dependability, and its suitability to be applied for suppliers qualification purposes.
Utilizando XML para publicação de dados multimídia na web
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-02-21)
Teixeira, Eduardo Cotrin
;
Vieira, Marina Teresa Pires
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5446518523049572
Oriented-Object Database Management Systems have been adopted for the management of multimedia applications, becoming possible to implement recovery forms that propitiate more expression capacity to the user if are foreseen metadata (information about the stored data) that assist in this task, providing a more natural and powerful form to find objects in the objects base. In this context project AMMO (Authoring and Manipulation of Multimedia Objects) appeared, aiming to provide an environment for support the authoring, storage and manipulation of multimedia applications. The developed work aims to implement automatic XML document creation for representation of multimedia data obtained as result of consultations to the Multimedia Objects Server (MmOS) of AMMO environment, preserving the advantages of this environment, as possibility of content-based search, semantics description of multimedia data and high reusability, associating them with XML advantages, as interchange facility, independence and flexibility in presentation form and semantics description of content. The XML concepts, the AMMO Project, the XML representation of multimedia data with semantic information, the creation and use of XML documents inside AMMO Project and some possible forms of visualization of the data through the XSL Style Sheets are presented.
Transformação de dataflex procedural para visual dataflex orientado a objetos reusando um framework
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-02-22)
Nogueira, Adail Roberto
;
Prado, Antonio Francisco do
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2668568143800755
This work presents a strategy for transformation of legacies systems write in Procedural DataFlex (DFP), for systems in Objects Oriented Visual DataFlex (VDFOO) reusing a Framework, denominated DataFlex Application Framework (DAF), with architecture in three layers: interface, business rules and database. The transformation is accomplished in three steps: To "Organize Legacy Code", when it happens the organization of the legacy code in DFP; "Reemployments Organized Code" DFP, when the reemployment of the Organized Code DFP for VDFOO; and to Execute the VDFOO Code , when the code is executed in VDFOO with the same functionalities of the legacy code in DFP. The technologies used for the elaboration of this work are presented, involving Techniques for Reengineer, Transformations Systems, Languages Procedural DataFlex (DFP) and Objects Oriented Visual DataFlex (VDFOO) and DataFlex Application Framework (DAF). The Draco-PUC Transformation System is the main mechanism for automation of the transformations. To aid in the definition of the domains in Draco-PUC an editor of denominated domains it was built Draco Domain Editor (DDE), besides the parser and prettyprinter DFP and VDFOO. To automate the step "Organize Legacy Code", the Transformer of DFP was built for Organized DFP, and for the step "Reemployments Organized Code" DFP, the Transformer of Organized DFP was built for VDFOO. DDE is also used to define the script of execution of the transformers. The Transformation of DFP for VDFOO reuse a Framework in three layers: interface, business rules and database. The transformations of two systems are presented: Control of Orders, with about 20 thousand lines of legacy code; and the Integrated System for stores of sale s of cars (SIRC-X), with 5.3 million code lines.
Composição da avifauna da Estação Ecológica de São Carlos (Brotas-SP) e reserva ambiental da Fazenda Santa Cecília (Patrocinio Paulista)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-02-26)
Pozza, Didier David
;
Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3412204514901170
A quali-quantitative survey was carried out in two seasonal semideciduous forest fragments (75 and 100 ha) of interior of São Paulo state. The purpose was to characterize their bird communities concerning richness, abundance and species occurrence in these areas. The qualitative survey showed 145 species at Estação Ecológica de São Carlos-EESCar (Brotas) and 173 at Fazenda Santa Cecília-FSC (Patrocínio Paulista), whereas the quantitative survey revealed the presence of 60 and 72 species at EESCar and FSC, respectively. Only 4,14% of species in EESCar e 20,24% in FSC had specific frequency of occurrence over 75%. Analysing the abundance index values (IPA), we observed that number of species with low IPA was high at EESCar and at FSC. The small size and the isolation at EESCar might be responsible for its low species number IPA. In the FSC was also observed a bigger occurrence of endangered species for São Paulo state. The analysis of guildes is important to indicate the ecological conditions of one fragment. Apparently, the fragment at FSC has a better environmental quality to shelter more species, including the endangered. The study of this bird community is important for the elaboration of the conservation management plan of the natural areas.
Estudo da riqueza de Hymenoptera (Braconidae: Ichneumonoidea) em áreas de vegetação natural da APA de Descalvado, SP: subsídio para confecção de material paradidático
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-02-26)
Cirelli, Kátia Resende Netto
;
Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147
A survey of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) fauna on northwest São Paulo State fragmentary natural environments was conducted using Malaise traps in five sites of Environmental Protected Area of Descalvado, SP, Brazil. A total of 2262 specimens, representing 22 subfamilies and 94 genera, was recovered throughout a period of sixteen months from may 1999 to august 2000. Biological data were obtained from current literature and behavior patterns of host utilization for the studied fauna, in special the Braconidae which have been successful in control of agricultural insect pest. Statistical analyses indicated that the asymptote of current genera richness has been approached using this sampling method. This is the most complete survey available from natural fragmentary areas of the Descalvado Braconidae fauna. Patterns of distribution and richness of the genera of the Braconidae were recovered. Cluster Analysis was adopted taking as attribute the number of Braconidae genera. The flight phenology of these 22 subfamilies of Braconidae was studied and the trap catch for koinobionts peak was in August, 1999 a month before of the idiobionts peak and in June, 2000 both peaks were simultaneous. The phenological peaks of dominant koinobiont taxa (Microgastrinae) were similar to all koinobionts, and the peaks of dominant idiobiont taxa (Doryctinae) were similar to all idiobionts, as well. February, 2000, was the richer month in number of subfamilies (N= 18), corresponding to the same period when the subfamilies wich potencially attack Lepidoptera where collected. The number of females was superior to the number of males and this relation was more accentuated in koinobionts. The peaks of both females and males were similar to dominant koinobiont and idiobiont taxa. Eight new species of the genus Pseudognaptodon Fischer, 1965 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Gnamptodontinae) collected in this study were described andillustrated. These information were used to produce the pedagogic material (CD-ROM) which will be distributed in the schools of Descalvado, SP, Brazil, after the training of the teachers.
A comunidade de macrófitas aquáticas em reservatórios do médio e baixo Rio Tietê (SP) e em lagos da bacia do médio Rio Doce (MG)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-02-26)
Tavares, Katia Sendra
;
Rocha, Odete
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601
Macrophytes have a fundamental role in the functioning of aquatic ecosystems due to their high primary productivity, participation in the nutrient cycling, and interactions with many other components of the system. Many species of macrophytes can be bioindicator of the trophic state or succession stage of the system. In the present work the macrophyte communities of twelve lakes in the Middle Rio Doce (MG) and a cascade of six reservoirs (SP) were analysed, comparing systems naturally and artificially fragmented. Four sampling expeditions to the Rio Doce system and three to the Tietê were performed during the 2001 2002 period. The macrophyte species present were recorded, photographed and collected for herborization. The community was analysed in relation to the species richness, dominant species, the frequence of occurrence and the species composition similarity, intra and inter lake and reservoir systems. The relationship between species richness and lake morphometry was also analised. Macrophyte biomass was determined for selected stands, in order to verify the existence of temporal variations. In the lakes of Middle Rio Doce system a total of 53 species were registered, belonging to 25 genera and 23 families. The occurrence of Habenaria fastor Hoene (Orchidaceae) in this system of lakes was recorded for the first time. The highest richness occurred in the lakes Barra and Verde. Species composition varied considerably among lakes and between periods. No statistically significant relationships were found between species richness and variables related to lake morphometry, although a tendency of increase in the species richness as a function of the increase in the area and perimeter of the lakes was observed. In Tietê reservoirs a total of 48 species were found, belonging to 26 genus and 22 families. The species composition in the first three reservoirs (Middle Tietê) differed from that on the last three reservoirs (Low Tietê). The relationship among the species richness and reservoir morphometry was not statistically significant, however there was a tendency of decreasing richness as the reservoir area or perimeter increased. Twenty three species were shared among both systems; 23 exclusively on lakes of Middle Rio Doce and 18 exclusively in on Tietê reservoirs. The families Cyperaceae and Onagraceae were the ones represented by the highest number of species in both systems. Marked differences were found between the studied systems. The macrophyte species richness was higher in the Middle Rio Doce lakes than in the Tietê reservoirs. In the lakes the increase in the area and perimeter were factors directly related to the increase in species richness whereas in the reservoirs this relationship was inverse. Biomass of macrophytes in selected stands varied greatly between periods, however total biomass per areal unity was similar, although the highest values were recorded in Nova Avanhandava and Ibitinga reservoirs. The results of this study have indicated that the lakes of Middle Rio Doce being a naturally fragmented system, ancient and stable, have a higher macrophyte diversity, whereas the Tietê reservoirs, recently and artificially fragmented and also with greater instability have a lower diversity. Also, the species richness in the reservoirs appeared to be not directly related to the area and perimeter, variables which are representative of their most propitious habitats in natural systems.
Poder judiciário paulista: imagem e competição por poder simbólico retratadas na mídia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-02-27)
Castro, Cristina Maria de
;
Bonelli, Maria da Glória