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Estudos microgravimétricos da deposição de cobre sobre eletrodos de cromo passivado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-11-29)
Souza, Tatiana Barbosa Petroni Lima de
;
Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
Recently were obtained in our laboratory results indicating that Cu deposition on Cr2O3 happens in two steps: at the first one, there is the deposition of an amount smaller than one Cu monolayer, and at the second one there is Cu bulk deposition. Evidences show that the first step mechanism is UPD like, although it is necessary a deeper investigation. In this work the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) was employed to characterize such system, using two different electrolytes: H2SO4 and HClO4. The obtained results indicate that Cu deposition happens in a reversible way in H2SO4 at the potentials range studied, and ∆m(y) x ∆Q(x) curves analysis showed that faradaic processes predominate at the system, but anionic and H2O adsorption can also occur on the electrode. The kind of deposited or adsorbed species will depend on the applied potential. In the case of HClO4, microgravimetric studies show that the observed irreversibility to the Cu electrodeposition can be related to two factors: (1) coadsorption of Cl- ions coming from electrolyte degradation, what would catalyse and stabilize Cu deposition; or (2) irreversible NO3 - ions reduction (coming from the used precursor salt) after Cu deposition, taking into account the Cu catalytic activity to these ions reduction, and the extent of calculated molar mass values.
Dieta de aves insetívoras terrestres e a disponibilidade de presas em fragmentos florestais amazônicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-12-03)
Mestre, Luiz Augusto Macedo
;
Dias Filho, Manoel Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1346547036069954
Terrestrial insectivorous birds seem to be the most vulnerable avian guild to tropical forest fragmentation; nevertheless, some species in this group can persist in forest remnants and second growth areas. If sensitivity to forest fragmentation could be associated with diet, thus we expected that species with relatively flexible diet be the ones most likely to persist in forest remnants. This study compared diet overlap, niche breath, prey size, and diet variability in two pairs of sympatric species of terrestrial insectivorous birds, each pair containing one species that persists in small forest fragments and one that does not: Myrmeciza ferruginea and Sclerurus rufigularis, and Formicarius colma and Formicarius analis, respectively. Prey availability in forest fragments was also sampled and compared with availability in continuous forests. The species pair, with similar weight, has diet more overlapped. Niche breath indices did not differ between pair members, and diet variability differed in the opposite direction from that hypothesised. Although the two bird species most vulnerable to forest fragmentation fed on larger prey than less sensitive species, prey availability, including that based on prey size, did not differ among fragmented versus continuous forest sites. Thus, diet per se appears not to be an important cause of extinction-proneness in these species. The simplest explanation proposed, that vulnerability to fragmentation is directly related to territory size, requires testing. However, it is consistent with unpublished observations that the bird species feeding on larger prey have larger territories.
Caracterização cromossômica do cupuaçu Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) Schum. (Sterculiaceae) cultivado na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-12-05)
Santos, Otávia Cunha
;
Monjeló, Luiz Alberto dos Santos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4851134096338106
Degradação da glicose pelo bacterioplâncton: mineralização e formação de produtos intermediários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-12-10)
Panhota, Rafael Spadaccia
;
Bianchini Júnior, Irineu
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0659731944736389
This study aimed compare the bacterioplankton heterotrofic potential and the routes of glucose mineralization, and also determined some polymeric monossacharides produced by bacterioplankton. Water samples were collected in the Barra Bonita reservoir SP (22º32 34.5 S and 48º29 26.4 W) in two periods (February/01 e July/01), filtered and enriched with glucose. The samples were incubated at 20ºC during 60 days, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. During the experimental period, aliquots were collected from the mineralization flasks to determine the organic carbon concentration (dissolved and particulate). The global decay coefficient and the coefficients of the three routes admitted by the glucose mineralization model were determined through kinetics fitting. In February (rainy season), the mineralization coefficients were higher ( 10 times) than the mineralization coefficients of July (drought season). In both periods, the anaerobic metabolism showed greater mineralization coefficients (1.4 times in February and 1.1 times in July), than the aerobic one. On the other hand, the carbon immobilization (COP formation) was greater in the aerobic metabolism compared with anaerobic metabolism, in the two periods. The water samples, collected in March/02 in the same place described above, were taken to determine the total and dissolved monosaccharides from polymeric polysaccharide released by bacterioplankton during glucose mineralization. These samples were filtered, enriched with glucose and incubated at 20ºC during 30 days, under aerobic conditions. During that period, aliquots were colleted from the mineralization flasks to determine the monosaccharides concentration. The monosaccharides: arabinose, fucose, galactose and rhamnose were found. Rhamnose showed the greater amount in comparison with other monosaccharides.
A dimensão ambiental no desenvolvimento profissional de professores e professoras das escolas rurais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-12-10)
Zakrzevski, Sônia Beatris Balvedi
;
Sato, Michele
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9264997837722900
This work aims to reflect on the continued formation in Environmental Education of rural school teachers. In recovering the story of education in rural environment, the research highlights the negligence with the education in this environment and the lack of research and intervention in Environmental Education turned into the population of the field, a marginalized and forgotten people, who is suffering the impacts of the Brazilian rural development model, generator of several economical, social and ecological problems. It aims to discuss the insertion of Environmental Education in school curriculums, and in reflecting about the main tendencies of it, rescues its story in gauche school. From the analysis of the main tendencies and approaches in teachers formation, it reports and discusses a research-action (comprehended as a strengthening of the action in the reflection and in the disruption of subject-object to subject-subject, as an incentive to participative autonomy of schooling group for a critical incorporation of Environmental Education in school curriculums), developed in four towns in the north region of the State of Rio Grande do Sul/ Brazil. The work developed with rural teachers reinforced a collective posture and stimulated teachers to make a profound study toward the comprehension of their own practice. The research, an instrument taken from the teachers hands, contributed for the formation of individuals capable to create a different rural world. This research made us to recognize some limitations of the research-action regarding its emancipatory attributes. We concluded that the fact teachers have formed a political conscience; starting to be more active and critical, not always make them autonomous, free to give their work the direction they wish. This thesis is just the beginning of a long debate, which deserves more attention by the people who work in the education field, recognizing it as an essence in the construction of any thought that might contribute for the humane development inserted in environmental contexts.
A conexão homem/camarão (Macrobrachium carcinus e M. acanthurus) no Baixo São Francisco alagoano: uma abordagem etnoecológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-12-11)
Montenegro, Sineide Correia Silva
;
Marques, José Geraldo Wanderley
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7962059488333070
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9976712512779134
The main objective of this research was to characterize and interpret the relationship of Man/shhmp in the lower São Francisco river in the state of Alagoas by means of studies about the ethnobioiogic and ethnoecologic knowledge of fishermen about "pitu" {Macrobrachium carcinus) and about "shrimp" (Aí. acanthurus) from the communities of Piranhas, Traipu and Penedinho. The fishing of "pitu" which occurs from the Piranhas till the mouth of the river, represents a good percentage of the income of fishermen from lower São Francisco river, specially of the fishermen from the municipality of Piranhas. In the same way, the fishing of "shrimp" (Aí. acanthurus) is also responsible for the revenue of many famiiies of fishermen from the municipalities of Traipu and Piaçabuçu, specially from Penedinho. In the last years, the shortage of these resources has brought a social problem, whose aggravation becomes a growing challenge to the construction of a future to the fishing in the region. To research the relationship of Man/shrimp in the lower São Francisco river in the state of Alagoas using ethnoecological as well as ecologic analysis, has at least two fundamental objectives: (a) to understand how the fishermen populations from "pitu" and "shrimp" are integrated in the informational netof the ecossystem; (b) integrate, by means of appreciation of their knowledge, the knowledge about classification, fishing and control, in searrch of alternatives for the management and environment planning. To integrate the knowledge of fisherment to those brought about by science, the analysis of these dada was directed by complex thoughts, whose essence is the integration of knowledges as a multidimensional and unseparable phenomenon at the same time. This way, the cultural data collected through the techniques used by social sciences (testimonies, oral statements) were integrated to the biological methods in an attempt to understand the processes of interaction which these communities of fishermen have with the environment. Chapter 4 deals with the ethnobiological knowledge with special attention in the identification of ecological criteria used in the classification of shrimps, beyond understanding their language and logic underlying the knowledge of the natural world. Chapter 5 discusses the fishing, the strategies and it's conective bases revealing how the fishermen populations connected in the past and connected nowadays with the vegetables, the minerais and with themselves. The construction of the hydroelectric power station of Xingó is affecting and transforming the territory of waters, and with this, the space of material and social reproduction and fishermen. To understand the re-organizing promoted by these transformations, chapter 6 shows how fishermen from "pitu" of Entremontes, occupy the fishing spaces, and discuss their territoriality, which may serve as aid for the implantation of a participative administration. As the barrages of the river directly affect the reproduction of species, Chapter 7 deals with reproductive strategis of "pitu" in areas nearby and distant from the barrage of Xingó incorporating hypothesis about the reproductive cycle of this specie, elaborated from the knowledge of fishermen of Piranhas. The oral history of fishermen allows us to know the cultural and biological changes brought about in the fishing in different times. For implanting the policy of participative administration, it is important that the knowledge about the environment and informal rules Consolidated between fishermen be taken into account.
Aspectos da estrutura, funcionamento e manejo da reserva particular do patrimônio natural "Ecoparque de Una": região cacaueira do Sul da Bahia, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-12-13)
Schiavetti, Alexandre
;
Oliveira, Haydée Torres de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5458113597909705
The cocoa production region of southern Bahia harbors the largest fragments of Atlantic Forest in the State of Bahia, possessing a high frequency of endemics and species richness, and being presently considered a priority area for biodiversity conservation. Nevertheless, the process of implementing Conservation Units in the region is not keeping up with the rate of change in local land use. Among the strategies of non-governmental organizations to help in the conservation of the Una Biological Reserve (the largest forest fragment in the cocoa production region) is the creation of Private Nature Reserves. In the present work, the process of implementation of the Ecoparque do Una Private Nature Reserve was assessed. The Ecoparque do Una is a 383 ha area contiguous to the Una Biological Reserve (UBR), and is intended to be a model for sustainable development and natural resource utilization. The analysis of the social and economic relations between the Ecoparque and its neighboring properties indicated that both areas lack economic integration. However, employees at the Ecoparque are all native to the region, a situation that contributes for the Ecoparque to be more easily accepted by the local community. The number of visitors to the area is increasing monthly from 1998 to present, but the public is constituted typically by people coming from other regions. This limits the process of comprehension, by people from the cocoa production region, of the importance of the Ecoparque for conservation of natural resources. The cost of the entry ticket to the Ecoparque was pointed by tourism operators as the greatest barrier for marketing the Ecoparque as a product, restricting the aggregate value of tourism in the region. In spite not being yet an economically sustainable touristic product, because its expenditures are higher than the direct incomes from public visitation, this model of development is in process of becoming sustainable. All the environmental factors considered, the Ecoparque is meeting the requisites of a sustainable enterprise with social responsibility, environmental conservation and economic development.
Estrutura de comunidades de aves em áreas de cerrado da região nordeste do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-12-17)
Almeida, Maria Elisa de Castro
;
Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3412204514901170
Concerning that the cerrado region is one of the most threatened ecosystems and that the Ecological Station of Jataí shelters one of the greater remaining of this bioma in the northeast of São Paulo state, this work had two aims: characterize the structure of bird communities of the Jataí Ecological Station and surrounding area, as well as to create a geo-referenced database of local avifauna. Four areas within the city boundaries of Luiz Antônio (São Paulo) were studied: The Jataí Ecological Station and the Luiz Antônio Experimental Station (EEJ/EELA), Oitocentos Alqueires (OIT), a fragment of the Umuarama Farm (UMU) and a fragment of the Nossa Senhora da Aparecida Farm (NSA). The qualitative and quantitative survey resulted in the registration of 211 species at the EEJ/EELA, 55 species at the OIT, 41 at the UMU and 62 at the NSA. As far as species diversity, EEJ/EELA present an index of 3,81; the diversity index at OIT was found to be 3,31, and the index obtained at the fragments was 3,63 (UMU) e 3,45 (NSA). As for the abundance index (IPA), among the less abundant species found in the four areas, there are small frugivorous and nectarivorous represented mainly in the Thraupidae and Trochilidae families, as well as insetivorous represented by the Picidae and Dendrocolaptidae families. Despite the low density of these species, the presence of some frugivorous such as Penelope superciliaris and Trogon surrucura, possibly indicates that the study area is still relatively well conserved. Some species were deemed of Special Interest for Conservation (IECO); future studies were recommended on the population abundance and density, displacement, genetics and behavior. We underlined the need for monitoring and following these species over the years, by means of regular observations and annual population surveys. All information obtained through the surveys done in this research project was used to build the Geo-referenced Database Jataí-Aves (BD-JATAÍ-AVES). This tool enabled us to relate different species to their environments; determine which were the threatened species and those of Special Interest for Conservation; create maps to indicate areas where various species can be found; and define conservation of local bird fauna proposals. The BD-JATAÍ-AVES is an open repository, where new information on bird fauna of the researched areas can be progressively added, so as to enlarge the base, thus contributing to the establishment of criteria upon which to base decision-making in regional conservation management. The database can also help produce handout and environmental education material.
Aplicação de técnicas de geoprocessamento para seleção de áreas de disposição de resíduos sólidos em aterro sanitário - município de Descalvado (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-12-18)
Moreira, Marco Antonio Albano
;
Lorandi, Reinaldo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7794241793056671
Estrutura, variação espacial e temporal da comunidade fitoplanctônica em três lagos do Vale do Rio Doce, Estado de Minas Gerais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2002-12-19)
Taniguchi, Glória Massae
;
Senna, Pedro Américo Cabral
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2513500213269643
Contribuição para o projeto de curso de educação à distância na área de materiais poliméricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003)
Pagliarussi, Marcelo Sanches
;
Agnelli, José Augusto Marcondes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7592090152400440
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6172932804874946
This work studies the development of distance education courses in polymers. A bibliographic research on the design of distance education courses, educational software design and instructional materials is accomplished. A method for the design and implementation of distance education courses in polymers is presented, which incorporates innovative elements in comparison with methods found in literature. The method presented offers a solution to deal with the complex task of instructional design in distance education. The identification of pedagogic models and effective practices for distance education courses in polymers was accomplished. The field research involved the needs assessment of professional education in polymers and the proposed method is implemented to illustrate its potential. Results indicate that the target audience will probably be technical level professionals. Investigation procedures were put in practice aimed to define conditions and parameters to build a course as it is proposed. In this work, the foundation for a course in injection molding of thermoplastics oriented to a sample of the expected audience is brought about.
Integração vertical, concentração e exclusão na citricultura paulista.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-01-01)
Santos, Ana Claudia Vieira dos
;
Alves, Francisco José da Costa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9183120186518337
This work presents a study regarding the strategy adopted for the processing concentrated orange juice companies to produce in proper orchards. It is treated to analyze the vertical integration process, that it occurs from the end of 80´s and that goes to provoke several changes in the interior of the citric network. The objective established here is to discuss the strategy of the companies, searching to understand what role is performed by the land, while it assumes not only the function of asset of capital, but of liquid asset too. Considering the characteristics of the land market in Brazil, that functions without restrictions and privileges who get more financial resources, and also that the land fulfills the function of value reserve, this analyze becomes important, as that vertical integration necessarily involves the land purchase. The hypothesis raised of that the land (while liquid active) fulfill influence in the enterprise strategy, mainly because it initiates in a period of economical instability, that favors the land purchase as a safe form to apply resources. At the same time, the institutional environment is favorable and the companies strategy does not find any type of restriction, formal or informal, in what refers to the lands purchase. The citrus complex is studied through the policy networks, the enterprises actions are looked through resouce-based perspective and dynamic capability and the institutional environment is used because is considered that the system regulation is important to define his dynamics. To the long of the work it is presented information that demonstrate the crisis of the orange producers and the process of exclusion what initiated after the changes of the 90 s, and that had beginning with the strategy of the industry in produce in self orchards. In the conclusion it is evidenced the importance of the land, wich convert in companies power resource, as well as the institutional environment importance in the decision of vertical integration for the processing concentrated orange juice companies.
Otimização do problema integrado de dimensionamento e seqüenciamento de lotes: estudo de caso na indústria de rações.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-01-01)
Toso, Eli Angela Vitor
;
Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
The object of this work is the integrated problem of lot sizing and sequencing the production of feed for animal nutrition. Such problem consists of deciding how much to produce of each feed in each period, taking itself in account the production sequencing of the lots, in way to satisfy the demand and to minimize the costs of production and storage. A case study was carried through in the facility of supplements from a company of this industry, located inland São Paulo, whose problem can be seen as multi-item, single-period and capacitated. One of the great difficulties to the production planning in this factory is the difficulty to adjust the productive capacity with the demand is season of the products, integrating the lot sizing decisions with the line scheduling decisions, since setup times are dependent of the production sequence. This work use integer linear programming for modeling the problem, which is solved with of the modeling language GAMS/CPLEX. To evaluate the performance of the considered model tests with real data had been carried through. The results show that the model can be useful to support the decisions of lot sizing and sequencing, therefore the solutions of the model in the tests realized are better than the ones elaborated by the production planning department of the company.
A educação ambiental nas escolas municipais de educação infantil de São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003)
Fagionato-Ruffino, Sandra
;
Freitas, Denise de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3330976062026878
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0937631632950293
We now live immersed in an environmental crisis that resulted from the development model that was adopted — Environmental Education is an important process to help revert such a crisis and re-establish a sustainable ecosystem. Brazilian public policies since 1981 guarantee every citizen the right to Environmental Education, and emphasize the responsibility of schools in the process, on ali leveis from pre-schooi to graduate schools. Among ali different education leveis, pre-school and kindergarten present the biggest shortage in materiais, courses and published work in the area. In that context, this research work's objective is to know the reality in the Municipal Pre-schools and Kindergarten schools in São Carlos when it comes to Environmental Education (EE), and to identify who the teachers are, what they think about, and what they do about EE, what resources and themes are most often adopted, as well as what are the difficulties and elements that facilitate the incorporation of EE in the school day to day. A questionnaire was the main instrument in collecting data, due to the possibility of reaching a large number of teachers. Observations of the day to day in schools and teachers' planning sessions were also used. From the analysis of the data the conclusion can be reached that the majority of the teachers we studied have a very traditional conception ofEnvironmental Education, associated to the teaching of Sciences, with an emphasis in the detection and, sometimes, resolution of the environmental problems. The themes and experiments most often chosen have to do with solid waste and flora. The majority of the teachers work the subject from the projects, but also use day to day situations. Holidays are also used by the teachers to work the subjects, sometimes on the day, sometimes inserted in a monthly or bi-monthly plan that celebrates the occasion. Teachers most often point to the lack of infrastructure and knowledge as stumbling blocks to the incorporation ofEE in school.
Otimização na programação de produção de grãos eletrofundidos: um estudo de caso.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-01-01)
Luche, José Roberto Dale
;
Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
This work presents optimization models to support decisions of the Production Planning and Control (PPC) in the industry of grains electrocasting. A case study was accomplished in one of the largest companies in the State of São Paulo. The objective of the study is to contribute for the improvement of the system of PCP of companies of grains electrocasting, in such a way to obtain gains of productivity and to improve the user service level with respect to due date satisfaction. For that Mixed Integer Linear Programming models were applied to aid particularly in the decisions of production scheduling. Optimizing the production scheduling in the industry of grains electrocasting is not a simple task, mainly due to the greatness of setup times of the equipments, the diversity of products and the limitations of the order due dates.
Usabilidade aplicada ao design ergonômico de transdutores de ultra-sonografia: uma proposta metodológica para avaliação e análise do produto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-01-01)
Paschoarelli, Luis Carlos
;
Coury, Helenice Jane Cote Gil
The usability is one of the main aspects of the performance and quality of the interface hand/instruments whose applicability is based on methodologies of ergonomic design. In spite of the technological evolution, some hand instruments still do not attend the criteria of usability and may generate ergonomic problems in users. An example of it is the transductor employed in breast ultrasonography (US) occupational activities, which requires large biomechanical efforts. This study aimed at proposing a method of assessment and analysis based on subjective and physiological records during the application of criteria of usability in the ergonomic redesign of the transductor for US breast examinations. In order to conductthe physiological records, a Biometrics electrogoniometer was used for the analysis of wrist movements, and FSRs sensors were used for the analysis of palmar pressure. As for the subjective assesments, graphic scales of perception were applied. The collection of data occurred in experimental phases: First Experimentation assessment of wrist postures during the simulation of activity with two commercial types of transductors (n= 18); Ergonomic design application of the criteria of usability in the redesign and prepraration of the mock-up; Second Experimentation assessment of the postures and points of palmar pressure during the simulation of activity with the new mock-up and the commercial transductors (n = 10); Ergonomic design/project revision revision of the criteria of usability and development of two new mock-ups; Third experimentation assessment of the postures and points of palmar pressure during the simulation of activity with the new mock-ups and the commercial transductors (n = 10); Fourth experimentation subjective assessment of all the transductors (n = 11). The results of the first experimentation indicated high median and maximal amplitudes. The ergonomic design turned up into mock-up 01. The results of the second experimentation indicated that mock-up 01 did not present improvements in terms of wrist posture, but rather a better distribution of pressure in the palmar region. The ergonomic design/project revision turned up into two new mock-ups, 02 and 03, which presented (in the results of the third experimentation) a lower amplitude for movements and a better distribution of the percentage of time in the different pre-established ranges of amplitude, as well as in the pressure of the palmar region, mainly when mock-up 02 is concerned. Statistically meaningful differences (p < 0,05) were found only in the third experimentation, indicating that mock-ups 02 and 03 presented better performance. The results of the fourth experimentation indicated similar results from the physiological assessment, corroborating its results. Such procedures characterized a consistent alternative to the traditional methods for assessing and analyzing hand instruments in ergonomic design.
Avaliação de desempenho dos departamentos acadêmicos da UFSCar utilizando análise de envoltória de dados-AED.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-01-01)
Panepucci, Giovana Troya Marques
;
Pereira, Neocles Alves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3744216524256924
The need to access public or private institutions has long existed. Of our interest, is the measure of efficiency among different departments of a public university. Unlike most private universities; a public university does not focus on teaching, as it is only output. Together with this, public universities produce knowledge as a whole, in the form of research (with the development of new technologies) and extension activities. The diverse character of production demands mathematical methods to quantify efficiency, point out deficiencies related to specific output (or input) measures and provide targets. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is proposed to access the efficiency of the departments of the Universidade Federal de São Carlos UFSCar . To apply DEA, many production indicators were generated from data available from the year 2001. A general efficiency classification of all thirteen departments of UFSCar in relation to seven measures of production in the fields of teaching, research and extension activities, and two measures of resources was obtained. In addition, individual classifications were obtained by considering a field at a time or considering related sets of departments belonging to a given center. The incompleteness of precise data was a limiting factor in this analysis, hampering, in some cases, the obtainment of a realistic image of efficiency. In this way, the results showed here, must be seem with caution, a must be used only as a reference on the understanding of the difficulties associated with the complex task of efficiency assessment and target establishment.
Proposta de uma abordagem hierárquica para projeto e/ou escolha do sistema de custeio da produção em função da complexidade do processo produtivo.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-01-01)
Lopes, José Roberto
;
Fernandes, Flavio Cesar Faria
This study aims at proposing a hierarchical approach in order to design and choose the production costing system according to: the business strategy of the corporation; the production system; the production control system; the kind of managerial decisions that will be supported by the production costing system. The hierarchical approach we propose comprises the criteria that will be used as benchmarks in the decision making process in order to choose or design a system for production costing. Besides verifying the proposal through logical argumentation, one of the main aims is to illustrate the suitability of the proposal in case studies. The research has adopted a qualitative approach and the broad method applied is the inductive method. The kind of research developed in this project is exploratory and descriptive. In the first phase of the research, the theoretical-conceptual method was adopted; in the second phase, the case study method was chosen. Starting from the proposal of a hierarchical approach in order to project/design and choose the production costing system, and followed by analysis and description of production systems, production control systems and decision-making processes, it is expected that this research will show the interrelationship between production systems, production control systems and production costing systems. This in turn will lead to a change in the decision-making process in relation to the way in which the costing system is chosen, giving joint responsibility to production and financial functions, as well as contributing positively and effectively to the development of theory.
O processo de mudanças ergonômicas e as relações entre saúde e trabalho: um estudo de caso.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-01-01)
Mendes, Luciane Frizo
;
Camarotto, João Alberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
Ergonomics changes in the work place interfere in the relation between over operators work and health. This case study had as its objective to analyze the repercussions of a process of changes technical and organizational due to ergonomic projects in a school material plant. Two company sectors were selected which are responsible for the main product external completion. One of the sectors received the full ergonomic intervention and the other had only little adjustments. In order to develop this study, the following procedures were executed: questionnaire applications, observations in order to understand the work activity in both sectors and interviews with the objective of comprehending different actors perception of changes in the in the company. The results indicated that, after the ergonomic intervention, there was a reduction in absenteeism due to RSI/WRMD, changes in physical and cognitive task requests, a differentiated interpretation of results for each social group in the company and na appropriation, by the company, of the results and transformation process started by the ergonomic project for other purposes. This case study revealed the importance of the evaluation process of an ergonomic intervention, because it confirms that a positive result in relation to the demand that originated the intervention, will not always grant future improvements. The analyzed situation points to new problems, whose repercussions are not yet known, but need to be discussed.
Estudo das condições de trabalho em Unidade Básica de Saúde no município de São Carlos: a perspectiva dos diferentes atores.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-01-01)
Silva, Nilson Rogério da
;
Camarotto, João Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
The demand for public health services has increased gradually in the last few years due to the high rates of increasing unemployment, high cost of private health plans and the transference of health actions from the federal and state sphere to the local one. In this way, the public local health system has found difficulties to comply with the users demands, since this is higher than the offered services. This research is aimed at the studies of the activities carried on at one Health Basic Unit (UBS) of São Carlos City, trying to identify the relationship between the working conditions and the workers health, aiming the replanning work. For this study, 33 (thirty three) employees from the UBS were considered (doctors, nurses, nurse assistants, dentists, dentist assistants, administrative assistants). The work conclusion is that the working of the unit is permeated by different situations that cause embarrassment to the unit staff and users, among them we can mention: a) the unit is working routine is concentrated during the morning hours, facilitating work overloading and conflicts; b) lack of criteria for the right dimensioning of the unit is staff; c) fragile structure to deal with the absenteeism generating extra working hours and double period of work; d) communication process truncated between supervisors and employees; e) obsolete equipment that make difficult the execution of activities, because demand extra effort (physical and mental) from the employee f) lack of policy for the acquisition, substitution and update of equipment; g) lack of planning for the unit layout, where there is no consideration for the best distribution of rooms, interrelationship between the executed procedures, in the flow of services being offered, minimum space for the execution of tasks, equipment and furniture and waiting rooms; need of training and qualification to deal with the public, professional update, information to avoid contamination with material and diseases. The work in the UBS reveals suffering situations with the presence of: planning the work without the worker is participation, information flow truncated complaints as to the professional recognition. Pleasurable situations refer to the user satisfaction with the possibility to reduce the suffering of the other, of the human care practice.