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Proposta conceitual de zoneamento ecológico-econômico para o Município de Frederico Westphalen -RS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-02-24)
Missio, Eloir
;
Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3412204514901170
At the actual moment on What ecology supportable concerned to the diferent ecossistems depend on the balance between the environment and the development, this research has as a goal to realize the characterization, analyse and elaborate an ecological-economic zoning conceptual proposition to the Frederico Westphalen municipality, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, adapting to a feasible methodology: a methodology founded on the use of the Geography Information Systems GIS, to elaborate a georeferenced digital data base which allow to understand the structure and the functioning of the natural systems, on purpose of a management supported on the natural borough resources. The borough environment characterization and zoning which present, nearby 262 km2 and 26.759 inhabitants were developed based on topography maps DSG and digital satellite images. The results embody to elaborate maps that refer to the structural landscape elements and to some environmental impact risks, while to the definition and analyse of handled zones proposed the thematic digital maps were overlap using the Analysis of Crossed Impact based on presupposed existence of interrelation of future events and the Intuitive Logic Analyse. This procedure permits to divide the borough area in five zones that present the degree of distinguished environmental fragility. The zones are: the greater environmental frail relative zone ZMAF; average environmental frail relative zone ZMEF; the greater environmental stability relative one ZMAE; urban zone ZMRB and urban expansion zone ZEUR. ZMAF and ZMEF zones take the greatest part of the borough 45,l8% and 36,25% respectively. Based on the problems, potentialities and limitations analyse, it was possible spatialyse the evolution of the environmental degradation process concerned with the use of the natural resources coming from the main economic activities and, based on this analyse, identifying the economic tendency of the region by the economic production of the conflicts using the life population conditions, directioning to a desire way. The methodology used allowed to fix up guidelines into two degrees: one of them is the general covering to all the zones that embody the borough (general guidelines) and, another directed to each managed zone proposed (specific guidelines). Both the general guidelines as the specific ones were elaborated based on criterions and principles established on the diagnosis of the current situation and has as a goal to the natural characteristics of each area while the potentialities are priority.
Dinâmica da paisagem na região nordeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-02-24)
Tonial, Tania Maria
;
Santos, José Eduardo dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8533387365058570
Environmental analysis and land use dynamics of the landscape northwest area of the Rio Grande do Sul Province. With the growing demand for natural resources the environmental analysis and the periodic diagnosis of the land use started to represent a fundamental aspect for the understanding of the occupation patterns and spatial organization of the landscape, rarely permanent in function of the dynamics of the human activities. In this context, information obtained by orbital sensor, allied to the geocoded techniques constitute a fundamental tool to the landscape structural characterization and for the identification, mapping and environmental diagnosis of the natural resources. This work had as objectives the delimitation, and the environmental analysis and diagnosis of five watershed of the landscape northwest area of the Rio Grande do Sul Province, for the identification of the risks associated to the soil erosion and of the degree of compromising of the environmental quality related to fragmentation and loss of natural areas, that these landscape mapping units were submitted in the period from 1984 to 1999. The Geographical Information Systems (GIS) were essential to obtain information related to the structural characteristics of the landscape represented by the hypsometriy, clinografy, road net, hydrografy, land use types, and critical risks to soil erosion and permanent preservation areas. Agriculture represented the principal land use type in the period among 1984 to 1999, demonstrating the need to promote the control of the agricultural practices, mainly the execution of the environmental legislation toward to the establishment of permanent preservation areas. The application of Principal Components Analysis associated to the software Fragstats allowed to identify the principal parameters to explain the fragmentation process and of the land use spatial and temporal pattern related to forest and capoeira use classes, besides a compromising gradient of the environmental quality of the watershed. The Lajeado Perau and Rio Pardo were considered the minus, and the Lajeado Castelinho and Lajeado Mico the more committed watershed. The cartographic database represents an essential contribution for the watershed environmental management proposal in the perspective of the regional sustainbility.
Caracterização estrutural e funcional de hemoglobinas de três espécies de aves
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-02-25)
Silva, Hugo Ribeiro da
;
Schwantes, Arno Rudi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1515297609478949
Hemoglobin electrophoretic patterns, oxygen equilibrium experiments using unfractionated blood, stripped hemoglobin at 4oC, 21oC, 40oC, as well as the effect of inositol hexaphosphate (IHP) and 2,3-biphosphoglycerate (BPG), and the qualitative and quantitative determination of intraerythrocytic organic phosphate were done, in three species of Aves: Athene cunicularia – owl (Order Strigiformes, Family Strigidae), Coragyps atratus - vulture (Order Ciconiformes, Family Cathartidae) and Mimus saturninus - mocking bird (Order Passariformes Family Mimidae). On starch gel electrophoresis, pH 8.6, A. cunicularia and C. atratus showed one slow anodic major component and one fast minor components, a typical bird hemoglobin pattern. On the same electrophoretic conditions, M. saturninus showed two anodic major components, instead one major and one minor. Stripped hemoglobins at the three temperatures, in the presence of IHP, BPG, and blood showed normal Bohr effect and n values (Hill plots) were close to one, indicating very low or no cooperativity. Oxygen affinities were temperature-dependent (as lower the temperature higher is the affinity), BPG modulation was low, IHP was very effective as negative modulator. Vulture hemoglobin showed the highest P50 value, while the owl and the mocking bird presented lower and similar oxygen affinity to each other. No AMP, GTP and BPG were found, only ADP, ATP and inositols were detected in the erythrocytes of the three species. Inositol pentaphosphate (IP5) was the most abundant intraerythrocytic organic phosphate in the 3 species. A. cunicularia showed also inositol tetraphosphate and C. atratus and M. saturninus showed IHP, besides IP5. Although the three species belong to different Orders, have different habit; the functional properties of their hemoglobins are very similar. One hypothesis to explain such similarity is that the avian system to deliver and discharge oxygen to the tissues are so efficient, that works properly in a wide range of situations
Proposta conceitual de zoneamento ambiental para o Município de Erechim (RS)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-02-25)
Rampazzo, Sônia Elisete
;
Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
This work proposed an environmental zoning based on the potencialities and fragilities of the use of the land. Its perspective was to subsidize the elaboration of proposals and lines of direction for the re-ordering of the landscape of the municipality of Erechim, contributing to local-regional development. The town is a part of the Geographic Micro-region of Erechim, inserted phisiographically in a portion of Brazil s Southern Plateau in the center of Rio Grande do Sul State. Based on the understanding that spatial order can be an instrument of environmental policy, the landscape was studied through overlapping techniques of thematic maps, aiming to promote the protection of the environment, the presevation of its quality and sustainable usage of its natural resources. The production and analysis of the maps was performed using Geopraphic Information Systems, LANDSAT satelite images and aerial photographs and a cartographic basis. The obtained analysis (mapping of phisycal environment) was subsidized by intensive field work, trying to represent the dynamics and functioning of each portion (units of landscape analysis). The environmental analysis of the area of study consisted in: characterizing the area of study acording to its environmental compartments; analyzing the diferents uses of the land; determining and characterizing the units of landscape analysis; elaborating a proposal for the handding of the landscape (environmental zoning). It was possible to propose actions for reduction of environmental degradation and protection of local-regional biodiversity from the synthesis of these analysis. Although one is aware that the work must be continued, this research represents a first step towards the elaboration of proposals and lines of direction for the space re-ordering of landscape within the concep of environmental planning.
Análise da atividade do trabalho de agendamento de consultas de um centro médico.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-02-25)
Fontolan, Daniel
;
Camarotto, João Alberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
The Brazilian public health system is constantly criticized by its inefficiency and lack of quality on its services. The Information Systems are powerful tools which can be used to improve the quality and increase the productiveness of these precious jobs, mainly to the needed people. The systems operators job activity is the main component of stored data, which will be analyzed by the decision makers. This dissertation shows how the Activity Analyses can be used to understand the working situations presented in a specialized health treatment unit, hoping to on the proposal of a managing information system that considers the vary and regulation of the employees job.
Análise de elementos da gestão do conhecimento nos projetos de reformulação organizacional da Caixa Econômica Federal.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-02-26)
Endres, Celso
;
Alliprandini, Dário Henrique
Within a environment of great changes, one believes that the way how a company produces and transmits the knowledge is essencial to its continuity and it has been under the Knowledge Management point of view that this work analyses the organizational reformulation projects in the Agencias da Caixa Economica Federal, started from the Project 500 and followed by the Net of Processes and the Customers Segmentation Strategic Model. To reach the proposed goal, it has been taken from the literature about the study topic, dimensions and elements enabling a tool structure of analysis to identify possible effective practices of Knowledge Management in the company through methodology systematization applied and reported data analysis. This study analyse how the elements of Knowledge Management are in the innovations occurred in the enterprise during the last years. One may realize that the goal has been achieved and the identified elements were classified as string, moderate and weak by its performance and served of reference to propositions of improvements of knowledge use in the organization. This has been the main contribution of this study for the company with the guidelines of how to generate, codify and transfer the tacit knowledge into explicit one. The former in the researched company is predominant and of high quality, developing a necessity of a trained managerial body with defined attributions and responsibilities to lead the knowledge use in the company through Technology, Processes and People.
Avaliação da viabilidade da carcinicultura marinha no Estado de São Paulo: uma análise a partir de indicadores de competitividade de cadeia produtiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-02-27)
Cheung, Thelma Lucchese
;
Batalha, Mario Otávio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
The greater number of scientific works toward investigation of potentially and efficiency of agricultural industries study cattle breeding and agricultural sectors using their agrifood chains. On the other hand, fewer papers have investigated the aquaculture sector and its chains. This work hope to contribute to the development of aquaculture sector, evaluating the viability of shrimp farming of São Paulo (Brazil). For this purpose, we used a methodological approach which realizes analyses from competitiveness indicators of productive chains. This method consists of the identification, from its chain segment and its institutional environment, of the major competitiveness and efficiency drives. These analyses have not been still applied on studies of viability. The option for this methodology is justified because many viability studies have considered benefit-cost analysis. This analysis show low efficient when it is applied though on the productive chain level. The environment evaluation enables the identification of factors which affect competitiveness performance shrimp farming of São Paulo. The results demonstrated that both methodology can be used for the viability studies and shrimp farming of São Paulo should be improved its marketing channel and its processing industry.
Efeitos da injeção de moxonidina no controle da ingestão de sódio e regulação cardiovascular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-02-28)
Oliveira, Lisandra Brandino de
;
Menani, José Vanderlei
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1023597870118105
Deficit of water and sodium in the body is detected by receptors located in different parts of the body. These receptors or hormones signalize to specific areas in the brain that control renal responses and water and sodium intake. Among these areas are: organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT), subfornical organ (SFO), anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V) region, hypothalamus, amygdala, septal area (SA), nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), area postrema (AP) and lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN). Besides the regulation of fluid and electrolytic balance, these areas are also involved in cardiovascular control. Angiotensin II (ANG II) is a peptide that induces water and sodium ingestion and participates in cardiovascular regulation. Other neurotransmitters, like serotonin, cholecystokinin and atrial natriuretic peptide, can inhibit water and sodium intake. Another important inhibitory mechanism for water and sodium intake is related to central α2-adrenergic/imidazoline receptors. Central injection of the anti-hypertensive drugs, moxonidine and clonidine (α2-adrenergic/imidazoline receptor agonists), reduces water and sodium intake in different protocols (water dehydration, 24 h sodium depletion and administration of ANG II). So, the goals of this study were: a) to study the effects of moxonidine injected into the cerebral ventricles (lateral ventricle - LV and 4th ventricle - 4th V), amygdaloid complex, central nucleus of amygdala (CNA), basal nucleus of amygdala (BNA) and lateral hypothalamus (LH) on 0.3 M NaCl intake induced by sodium depletion (treatment combining subcutaneous injection of furosemide + sodium deficient food for 24 h); b) to test the effects of moxonidine injected into LV, 4th V and LH on the pressor response produced by the injection of ANG II and carbachol (cholinergic agonist) into the LV; c) to investigate the participation of α2-adrenergic receptors on the effects of moxonidine, injected into LV, on sodium depletion-induced 0.3 M NaCl intake and ANG II-induced pressor response; d) using imunohistochemical technique, to detect c-fos protein in forebrain areas after moxonidine injection into LV in normovolemic rats, sodium depleted rats or rats that were treated with central injection of ANG II. Male Holtzman rats with a stainless steel guide-cannulas implanted into the cerebral ventricles: LV (volume of injection: 1-3 µl) and 4th V (volume of injection: 1 µl); unilaterally into LH (volume of injection: 0.5 µl) and bilaterally into the amygdaloid complex (volume of injection: 1 µl), CNA (volume of injection: 0.2-0.4 µl) and BNA (volume of injection: 0.2-0.4 µl) were used. Moxonidine (20 nmol) injected into LV reduced sodium depletion-induced 0.3 M NaCl intake during all the period of the experiment (120 min), while moxonidine injected into 4th V, reduced 0.3 M NaCl intake only in the first 60 min. Bilateral injections of moxonidine (5, 10 and 20 nmol/1 µl) into amygdaloid complex and BNA (20 nmol/0.4 µl), but not into CNA, reduced sodium depletion-induced 0.3 M NaCl intake. Unilateral injection of moxonidine into LH did not change sodium depletion-induced 0.3 M NaCl intake. These results show that the activation of α2-adrenergic/imidazoline receptors produced by the injection of moxonidine into LV, 4th V and amygdaloid complex (especially into the BNA), but not into LH and CNA, reduce hypertonic NaCl intake. To investigate the role of the α2-adrenergic receptors on the inhibitory effect of moxonidine on 0.3 M NaCl intake, specific α2-adrenergic receptor antagonists, such as RX 821002, yohimbine and SKF 86466, were combined with moxonidine. The results show that icv injection of RX 821002 (40 and 80 nmol) and SKF 86466 (640 nmol) abolished the inhibitory effect of moxonidine (20 nmol) on 0.3 M NaCl intake during all the period of the experiment, while yohimbine (320 nmol) abolished the antinatriorexigenic effect of moxonidine only in the last hour of the experiment (60 to 120 min). These results suggest the involvement of central α2-adrenergic receptors on the inhibitory effect of moxonidine on sodium depletion-induced 0.3 M NaCl intake. Besides, we observed an increase on sodium depletion-induced 0.3 M NaCl intake following the treatment with RX 821002 (40 nmol) and yohimbine (320 nmol) alone, that suggests a possible tonic function to the central α2-adrenergic receptors on the control of hypertonic NaCl intake. The injection of moxonidine alone (respectively, 20 and 80 nmol) into LH and VL did not change mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR), while moxonidine administered into 4th V produced hypotension and bradycardia. The 80 nmol dose of moxonidine injected into LV reduced the pressor response produced by central injections of ANG II (50 ng) and carbachol (4 nmol). Moxonidine (20 nmol) injected into LH and 4th V reduced the ANG II-induced pressor response, but not carbachol-induced pressor response. So, it was demonstrated that central injection of moxonidine reduces the pressor responses produced by angiotensinergic (mainly) and cholinergic activation (in a minor degree). The injection of yohimbine (320 nmol) into the LV abolished the inhibitory effect of moxonidine (80 nmol), also injected into LV, on the pressor response produced by icv injection of ANG II, suggesting that moxonidine acting through central α2-adrenergic receptors inhibits ANG IIinduced pressor response. The injection of moxonidine into LV in normovolemic and satiated rats induced the expression of c-fos protein in the following areas: OVLT, ipslateral lateral septal area (ipsLSA), ventral median preoptic nucleus (vMPN), paraventrivular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON). These areas are involved in the fluid and electrolytic balance and cardiovascular regulation. ANG II injected into LV produced c-fos expression in the following areas: ipsLSA, dorsal median preoptic nucleus (dMPN), PVN and SHN and reduced cfos expression in contLSA (contra lateral lateral septal area). Previous injection of moxonidine did not change the c-fos protein expression induced by central injection of ANG II. Separated treatments with moxonidine and ANG II produce c-fos expression in similar areas, so it is difficult to know which treatment is responsible to c-fos protein expression observed after the combination of the two treatments. Maybe, moxonidine could be inhibiting the c-fos expression induced by ANG II and the c-fos expression noted after the combined treatment could be produced only by moxonidine. In sodium depleted rats, icv injection of moxonidine induced an increase on c-fos expression in ipsLSA and dMPN, and a decrease in OVLT, suggesting that changes in the activity of these areas could be responsible to the inhibitory effect of moxonidine on 0.3 M NaCl intake. In summary, the results showed: a) moxonidine injected into LV, 4th V, amygdaloid complex and BNA, but not into LH and CNA, inhibits sodium depletion-induced 0.3 M NaCl intake; b) RX 821002, yohimbine and SKF 86466 (specific α2-adrenergic receptor antagonists) abolished the inhibitory effect of moxonidine on 0.3 M NaCl intake, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of moxonidine is mediated through α2-adrenergic receptors. RX 821002 and yohimbine increased sodium depletioninduced 0.3 M NaCl intake, suggesting a possible tonic role of α2-adrenergic receptors on the inhibition of NaCl intake; c) moxonidine injected into LV, 4th V and LH reduced the pressor response produced by central angiotensinergic activation, while moxonidine injected only into LV was able to reduce the pressor effect of carbachol. Therefore central injection of moxonidine can inhibit mainly the ANG II-induced pressor response and only partially carbachol-induced pressor response. The reduction on ANG II-induced pressor response produced by moxonidine injected into LV was abolished by the pre treatment with yohimbine, suggesting the involvement of central α2-adrenergic receptors on the inhibitory effect of moxonidine on the pressor response produced by angiotensinergic activation; d) in normovolemic and satiated rats, moxonidine injected into LV induced c-fos expression in several cerebral areas: OVLT, ipsLSA, vMPN, PVN and SON. ANG II (50 ng) injected into LV increased c-fos expression in the following areas: ipsLSA, dMPN, PVN and SHN and reduced c-fos expression in contLSA. The icv injection of moxonidine did not change de c-fos expression induced by ANG II. e) in sodium depleted animals, the icv injection of moxonidine induced an increase in c-fos expression in ipsLSA and dMPN and a reduction in OVLT, suggesting that changes in the activity of these areas could be responsible to the inhibitory effect of moxonidine on 0.3 M NaCl intake in this protocol.
Aprendizagem relacional em crianças com baixo desempenho escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-02-28)
Vasconcellos, Mariliz
;
Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2628411501148247
O sistema de avaliação de rendimento escolar do estado de São Paulo e os alunos negros das escolas estaduais da região de Piracicaba - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-03-06)
Túbero, Rosana
;
Ferreira Junior, Amarilio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046
A história do ensino técnico-industrial em Rio Claro (SP): da escola profissional masculina ao SENAI (1920-1985).
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-03-07)
Ferro, Maria Eduarda
;
Ferreira Junior, Amarilio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046
This survey was fomented by the hypothesis of a relationship between the appearance of the SERVIÇO NACIONAL DE APRENDIZAGEM INDUSTRIAL (SENAI) (National Service of Industrial Learning) unit in Rio Claro, made official with inauguration of SENAI Manoel José Ferreira in 1974, and the second Brazilian industrial wave (1968-1974). In order to investigate the veracity of such a hypothesis, bibliographic references were made about the evolutive history of Rio Claro industry and about the responsible manual work training agencies prior to SENAI being set up in the city, namely, the Professional School for Men of Rio Claro (1920) and the Railway Workers Course of Paulista Railway Network (1934). We resorted to a consultation of local legislation concerning SENAI Manoel José Ferreira , to the handling of manuscript and printed sources belonging to this institute, and to interviews with historical protagonists related to SENAI´s early years of work. By analyzing this whole intraining set, it was observed that, as happened with SENAI, the origin of the two institutions preceding this one, as regards preparation for technically qualified manual work for industrial purposes was also related to particularities of the industrial evolution of the city at the time of their appearances. It was also realized that being the fruit and the answers to distinct historical contexts, the three institutions had been guided by different pedagogic proposals that, when analyzed as a set, were a local representation of the change in the tendency of training of industry manual work, observed in Brazil during the 20th century. Then, the present work intended to establish a connection between the moment of the appearance of the referred institutions and the industrial evolution of Rio Claro, using as a guideline the growing transition from a tendency of industrial worker training of the craftwork kind to the rationalized-technical kind. The present undertaking was based, therefore, on the historical reconstruction that motivated the appearance of the three institutions in the city and on the analysis of the pedagogic proposal of these schools as far as their labor organization conceptions are concerned. The installation of the Professional School for Men of Rio Claro (1920) took place at a time in which the industrial-craftwork activities of the city were incipient, thus being proper for such the pedagogic proposal that affected the craft worker training. The rational principles of training for industrial manual work were introduced in the city by the Railway Workers Course of Paulista Railway Network (1934), which was implemented to meet the demand of the railway to broaden the reach of the scientific work administration policies, postulated by the Administration Reform of 1928. The appearance of SENAI in Rio Claro (1974), in turn, was actually tied into the features assumed by local industry after 1968, being responsible, therefore, for the extension of rationalized-technical training of the local industrial worker, beyond the railway field. During the period in which it was investigated (1963-1973) aspects regarding to structure, organization and functioning of the latter were identified - which were sorted out into periods according to the predominance of some features: Gestation (1963-1973), Introduction and Consolidation (1973-1975); Enlargement and Intensification (1976-1979) and Stagnation and Crises (1980-1985) and analyzed.
Especificidade em associações alga/bactéria vinculadas aos carbidratos excretados por três espécies fitoplanctônicas de um reservatório tropical eutrófico do Estado de São Paulo (Barra Bonita)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-03-10)
Giroldo, Danilo
;
Vieira, Armando Augusto Henriques
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4428377384377272
The release of carbohydrates by phytoplankton has been extensively studied because of its ecological significance. Bacterioplankton is a group of organisms that is able to use extracellular phytoplanktonic carbohydrates, as many authors have demonstrated. The aim of this thesis was to identify specific associations algae/bacteria in the planktonic environmental of a eutrophicated reservoir (Tiete river, Barra Bonita, SP), based on the carbohydrates released by the phytoplankton. The utilization pattern of such compounds was also studied. For this purpose, three phytoplanktonic species from Barra Bonita reservoir were used: Cryptomonas tetrapyrenoidosa (Cryptophyceae), Staurastrum orbiculare (Zygnematophyceae) e Thalassiosira sp. (Bacillariophyceae). The growth characteristics of these species in axenic conditions were determined and the extracellular carbohydrates produced by each one were characterized. Algae/bacteria cultivation experiments were performed inoculating the microbial community from Barra Bonita in axenic cultures of each algae. The phytoplanktonic growth pattern and the carbohydrate release were compared in axenic and contaminated cultures. From these algae/bacteria cultures, the specific bacteria community from each algae were isolated and they were re-inoculated in two kinds of culture media: composed by polysaccharides and low molecular weight released material. The bacterial diversity from the Barra Bonita reservoir was compared to the one observed in the algae/bacteria cultures and also in the two kinds of culture media, employing the DGGE method (Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis). The extracelullar carbohydrate production was exponentially increased at the stationary growth phase in the axenic cultures. The results showed clearly that the extracellular carbohydrates released by the phytoplanktonic species were used as an important carbon source to the bacterial populations, even when they occurred in very low concentrations (less than 1 mg/L). The polysaccharide utilization was remarkably distinct among the species under study. The results also showed that the polysaccharide degradations were not homogenous, but specific regions of them were degraded firstly. The results proved that the bacterial diversity patterns found in the Barra Bonita reservoir and in the different substrates were different. Specific bacterial populations were found as well as populations adapted to different classis of substrates.
A escola na empresa: considerações sobre a formação do trabalhador.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-03-10)
Simon Neto, Cláudia Maria
;
Mesquita, Maria Alice Nassif de
This research has as its aim to investigate an enterprise program to give instruction to workers during the 90 s in the context of the new organization forms of the process of production and work which characterizes the integrated and flexible enterprise. It tries to identify the workers discourse, motivation, objectives, and the results in the school education. In this perspective it tries to answer the following questions; does this specific modality of school education contribute to the formation of a more critical subject when it increases the possibilities of comprehension and of contraposition to the numberless forms of exploitation and of control in the capitalistic society or does it in a one-sided form cooperate to the workers adjustment and integration to the productive and social reality ? This research begins with the hypothesis that the process of the workers instruction is developed in a complex and contradictory form because education is not limited to the restricted interests of the capital, to the dimension of adjustment of these individuals to the productive process and to the social dynamics, but it also allows a reasoning which is more critical and less identified to the dominating system. Beginning with a questionnaire and a half-structured interview, data have been collected. These instruments have been made to workers who shared a program of instruction developed in a transnational enterprise located in Valinhos-SP, Brazil. Its analysis makes possible to verify the prevalence of the functionality of education to the capital, as this school knowledge makes it easy to benefit the workers performance in the productive activity as well as in the technical and behavioral training courses. On the other side the analysis allows to detect some elements which indicate the contribution of education to forming a more critical subjectivity. The conclusion of this research is that considering the instrumentalization of the formative processes which are dominant in the late capitalism it becomes extraordinarily necessary to develop an education founded in the affirmation of the subject s autonomy, a greater emphasis into the moments which potentially let us see an emancipatory education.
O diretor de escola e a elaboração do projeto políticopedagógico : o pensar e o agir
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-03-10)
Monteiro, Aneridis Aparecida
;
Marques, Waldemar
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1424084895443428
This work has objective to examine the conceptions of de school directors how much the elaboration of the political-pedagogical projects in these schools. When examining its conceptions, search to understand and to reflect the paper of the school director in this process, as well as its position and interference. In accordance with de Law 9.394/96, each school must elaborate its pedagogical proposal. One of the requirements for this elaboration in the collective participation of involved actors in the pertaining to school process, amongst them, the parents, teachers, students, beyond, of the direction of the school. The objective of this work is to focus if it had, what was the participation of these actors, and also which the difficulties and/or facilities for the elaboration of the political-pedagogic project. In the search of the information, bibliographical research was carried through to anchor the treated and an empirical research, opting itself to a qualitative boarding of researched, in which the data has been collected by verbal story of the school directors. The research was carried in publishes state and municipal schools of the city of Araras, São Paulo, privileging schools with basic education. After done the data analysis and consideration searched to verify to thoughts or either, what the interviewed school directors think and understand on the political pedagogical project, and the act, or as the school directors the have acted for elaboration of the related projects.
A cartografia escolar e as práticas docentes nas séries iniciais do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-03-10)
Oliveira, Adriano Rodrigo
;
Pierson, Alice Helena Campos
This work tries to identify the practices that two primary school teachers draw up to promote the specific subject teaching of this series through the usage of municipal maps.We started with a text about the construction of, in Brazil, the research area in the scholar cartography. The formation os a research group originates the production of a Limeira Municipal Atlas at UNESP in Rio Claro. After, we stand out a literature about the construction of the scholar and docent knowledge as well as the discussion about geography and scholar culture. Considering the research goal, we delimit our methodology option to a qualitative approach, using the registers in the diary, and class observation and interviews. The data obtained indicate that the conceptions and the pedagogical models built by the teachers are the generators of the knowledge forms transmitted in the classroom. The usage of maps in education becomes possible two ways of knowledge construction: the first conceives the teaching as the knowledge transmission, and the second as the collective construction. The teacher s knowledge about cartographic language is originated by everyday experiences, this knowledge comes from the learning process with other teacher and usage of pedagogic books. The elements as subtitles and scales are a bit elucidative to the teachers, what makes difficult the teaching of the municipal atlas contents. The atlas creates, in the scholar context, motivating scholar and learning processes because the local problematics are experienced by the teachers and students.
Diversidade, variação sazonal e importância econômica dos afídeos (Homóptera: Aphidoidea) na Estação Ecológica de Jataí (Luiz Antônio - SP) e nas áreas agrícolas e de silvicultura do entorno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-03-13)
Fabrício, Tárcio Minto
;
Silva, Carlos Roberto Sousa e
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4890369735136839
The majority of the studies related to aphids in Brazil has been exclusively focused on species with agricultural importance, and just a part of them concerning about the species associated to natural areas. In this way it was objectified in the present work to estimate the diversity of aphids species in the Ecological Station of Jataí (Luiz Antonio-SP) and in the agricultural and artificial forested areas of its surroundings, and to verify its composition, organization and seasonality. The aphids had been collected from January to December of 2001, and they were captured with Moericke traps, at six points located in different categories of land use in the study area: plantation of Pinus ellioti, Cerradão, Cerrado, plantation of Eucaliptus spp., culture of Citrus sp. and culture of sugar cane. It was captured a total of 2593 individuals of 17 species, Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854; Aphis fabae/solanella; Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877; Aphis spiraecola Patch 1914; Toxoptera aurantii (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841); Toxoptera citricidus (Kirkaldy, 1907); Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch, 1856); Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae (Linnaeus, 1761); Acyrthosiphon bidenticola Smith, 1960; Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776); Pentalonia nigronervosa Coquerel, 1859; Uroleucon ambrosiae (Thomas, 1878); Lizerius ocotea Blanchard, 1923; Cinara fresai Blanchard, 1939; Cinara maritimae (Dufour, 1833); Eulachnus rileyi (Williams, 1911); Tetraneura nigriabdominalis (Sasaki, 1899). The sampled natural areas, Cerrado and Cerradão, were responsible for the highest values of diversity, H = 2,24 and HB = 2,14 and H = 2,05 and HB = 1,82 respectively. The plantation of Eucaliptus and the culture of Citrus had presented intermediate values, respectively H = 1,85 and HB = 1.77; H = 1,17 and HB = 1.09. The lowest values of diversity were obtained for the culture of sugar cane and the plantation of Pinus, with: H = 0,669 and HB = 0.63; H = 0,621 and HB = 0.605, respectively. The plantation of Pinus sp. , Eucaliptus spp. and Citrus sp. exhibited a higher similarity in relation to the occurrence of the species of aphids. The association between the species in the spatial and temporal scale showed different patterns of grouping. The dry season of the year was responsible for the highest number of captured individuals, and it was preferred for 8 of the 17 species. The climatic factors with the highest influence in the variation of the populations were the temperature, the rainfall and the photoperiod. The climatic variations had possibly been the key-factor in the regulation of the populations in the areas with lower antropic disturbs. The polyphagous aphids had been the majority, however, the monophagous species showed a higher number of individuals. In 17 captured species, 11 were classified as species with agricultural importance in the study area. The species with higher potential of damage were U. ambrosiae, T. citricidus and E. rileyi. The natural areas had presented a low number of species with economic importance.
Características reprodutivas de três espécies de Erythrinidae (Pices: characiformes) da bacia do São Francisco, submetidas à hipofisação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-03-13)
Vasconcellos, Marcelo Grombone de
;
Verani, Nelsy Fenerich
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1862746100743391
The majority of information related to reproductive strategy of Erythrinidae species has its origin from observations on natural environment. In this context, several tactics are not effectively evaluated and precious collection of information relevant to commercial fishing culture or even to effort of fauna reconstitution are simply lost. Studies on induced reproduction of Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus Hoplias malabaricus and Hoplias lacerdae were performed at the Fish culture and Hydrobiology Station of the CODEVASF-Três Marias-MG, from September to December of the years 2000 and 2001 with the objective of search its reproductive characteristics. The Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus presented to be the most fecund of the three studied species with smaller eggs and larvae sizes, followed by the Hoplias malabaricus presenting intermediate values between Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus and Hoplias lacerdae, the least fecund one but with bigger eggs and larvae than the other two species. The larvae of the two species of Hoplias did not presented the vertical movement on the water column observed on Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus. This behavior is considered of extreme importance to the larvae dispersion in different environment. The Erythrinidae eggs are in general big with yellow color and opaque, presenting good adhesive property and light hydration. Comparing this group with others Characiformes from São Francisco river basin it was observed that these three species present as major peculiarities, the low fecundity and enhanced parental care, evidenced by the eggs and larvae characteristics, representing a high unit value of reproductive investment, placing the Erythrinidae here studied next to the strategic group of k-selected equilibrium proposed by Winemiller in 1989 and in the nest spawner guild proposed by BALON in 1985. At the present work we found out the importance of knowing a few breeding tactics/strategies that results in benefits that certainly yield specialization on handling reproductors, eggs and larvae.
Composição florística, estrutura fitossociológica e conteúdo de nitrogênio foliar em cerradão, Luiz Antônio, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-03-14)
Silva, Érico Fernando Lopes Pereira da
;
Santos, José Eduardo dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8533387365058570
The cerradão is one of the forest physiognomy of the cerrado biome more threaded with the expansion of agricultural activities. The existence of remaining cerradão areas in the state with different sizes and conservation status show the necessity of studies in these areas. In São Paulo state, 237,918 ha of Cerrado Lato sensu are distributed in patches centered in two large regions, the first one, localized in the Central to North-Northeast region and the second, in the West region of the state. The study area was a cerradão patch has 1,735.55 ha, known as Oitocentos Alqueires , situated in Southwest of Estação Ecológica de Jataí in the Luís Antônio municipality, São Paulo state. We used 25 permanent plots of 250 m². The floristic survey characterized the vegetation like a cerradão and the vertical phytosociological parameters permitted us give to the species values through the Relative Sociological Position (RSP) and the Amplified Value of Importance index (AIVI), associating the horizontal phytosociological structure showed by the Value of Importance index (IVI) with the heterogeneity and irregularity of the cerradão strata. We founded that the studied area has a great number of shrub and arboreous individuals (5,284 individuals) beyond a high value of floristic diversity (3.47 nat.ind-1). The diameter and tall distributions showed abundance on the natural regeneration component due the great stock of young plants that compose the inferior stratum of the community. The natural regeneration analysis showed is essential to comprehend the establishment, survival and growth of the cerradão species. The regeneration component demonstrate that the density in the superior class was 700.80 ind.ha-1, in the median, 4,912.00 ind.ha-1 and in the inferior 1,296.11 ind.ha-1. Although the low density in of the inferior class, most of the populations in the cerradão community don t demonstrate regeneration problems and this aspect is clear due the great number of regenerating individuals in the median and superior classes. Using the phytosociological far evaluation of parameters and the rate of natural regeneration we selected 30 species and estimated the nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and the leaf nitrogen content. The analysis of leaf RNA and leaf nitrogen content suggests that the activity of the enzyme is not related with the content of NO3- in the ground and probably the plants of the study area use other nitrogen sources, beyond the NO3-, probably NH4+, that also was the predominant ion in relation to the NO3- in the ground. The 30 species had presented a diversification in the strategies of nitrogen assimilation having used as source, probably, NO3-, NH4+, micorriza and nodulation. How much to the foliar nitrogen tax it is important to stand out that of the ten species of bigger foliar nitrogen content, seven they are Leguminosae, indicating that this family possesss an efficient adaptation in the nitrogen assimilation. Low the correlation of the concentration of íons NO3- of the ground with the RNA confirm the hypothesis of that the species of the study area possess strategies to optimize the nitrogen assimilation, probably using NH4+ in the NO3- non-availability, besides making use of other assimilated mechanisms as nodulation and associations of micorrizas. Key words floristic and phytosociology, cerradão, arboreous and shrub vegetation, natural regeneration, nitrate reductase activity, leaf nitrogen content, NO3-, NH4+.
Aspectos da biologia, estrutura populacional e parentesco intranidal em vespas do gênero Trypoxylon (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-03-14)
Peruquetti, Rui Carlos
;
Del Lama, Marco Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7198095288825585
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0250750338668429
Wasps of the genus Trypoxylon (Sphecidae) building their nests with mud and mass-provisioned them with paralyzed spiders. The males of the subgenus Trypargilum may act as guards during the period of nest construction and provisioning. This behavior is common to other Sphecidae, but unusual in Hymenoptera. Theoretically, such behavior makes sense, due to haplodiploid and its relatedness asymmetry, only if male guards be the fathers of the female brood. In this study was investigated the population structure of T. (Trypargilum) albitarse and T. (Trypargilum) rogenhoferi, both common species in Brazil. Nests were sampled in São Carlos and Luís Antônio, State of São Paulo cities. Pupae and adults were analyzed using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. The populations of the two species showed structured, probably as consequence of philopatric behavior of the wasps. In the case of T. rogenhoferi, behind philopatry, differentiate fecundity among females may be important to determine the observed population structure. Larger females produce more offspring than small ones and, on average, the daughters of these larger females are larger too. Thus, the larger females genotype may be the predominant in the nesting area. In this manner, T. rogenhoferi fits the predictions of the models on optimal sex allocation, another line of investigation in this study. Maternal provisions determined the size of each offspring and females allocated well-stocked brood cells to daughter, the sex that benefits most being large. This strategy yielded differences in size between the sexes, being the females larger than males. There are evidences local prey availability may influence the female decision of lay a male or a female egg and also influence the body size of both sexes, but furthers studies are necessary to test whether local resources enhancement might play some role in T. rogenhoferi populations. The guard paternity also was investigated and was verified to both species that in many cases the guard was the father of the female offspring, but the results are contradictory. The relatedness estimates (determined using variable enzyme systems as markers) have large standard errors; so many of the values do not differ from zero or 0.75 (full sisters). It was not possible to determine whether such deviations are due (i) multiple mating by females, (ii) nest switching and/or (iii) more than one female laying eggs in a nest. It was observed that (ii) and (iii) can occur in variable frequencies, being dependents of population density and availability of places to nesting. The occurrence of (i) may be possible whether the repeated copulations solicited by the guard from the female were not effective to assure to him the paternity. In areas with dense populations, extrapair copulations are frequent. Maybe, the adoption of another approach to determine the paternity in these wasps be the better solution to this question.
Dinâmica de populações de cianobactérias em reservatório eutrofizado no semi-árido nordestino brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-03-14)
Costa, Ivaneide Alves Soares da
;
Senna, Pedro Américo Cabral
;
Chellappa, Naithirithi Tiruvenkatachary
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1365437036105422
The Armando Ribeiro Gonçalves reservoir, located in the semi-arid of the Rio Grande do Norte (06o08 S ; 37o 07 W), in Northeast Brazil, represents 68% of the total surface water accumulated in the state. The reservoir, with maximum volumetric capacity of 2.4 x 109, provides 400 thousands habitants and also is destined to irrigation, leisure and fishing. It has permanent and continuos blooms of potentially toxic cyanobacteria. The aim of this paper were to identify the planktonic cyanobacteria, to recognize the temporal patterns of population distribution, understanding the environmental factors regulating dominance, and to distinguish and quantify the cyanotoxins present in the reservoir s crude water seston and in the treated water at the treatment station outlet (ETA). According to the region s climatic characteristics, the investigations were carried out from 2000 to 2002. The samples for cyanobacteria identification (n=36) were collected with plankton net and preserved with formol 4%. In order to detect phitoplankton temporal variations, 22 samples were collected (300mL) and preserved with lugol solution. This was done in short period of time (4 days) in the 2000 annual cycle, in the rainy season (April and May/n=8), intermediate (May and July) and dry (november and December/ n=10) seasons, in 7 depths (surface, 10% and 1% of light penetration, in 5m, 10 and bottom =21), and in 300 meters from the reservoir major slope. At the same time, water samples for nutrient ad toxins analysis were collected. The samples for cianotoxins analysis were collected in the reservoir (n=9), in the Pataxó Channel (n=4 open channel for water transport to ETA) and in the local ETA distribution exit (n=4). Climatic factors were analyzed (wind, rain, temperature), as well as hydrological (residence period, volume), physical (Zeu, water temperature) and chemical (electric conductivity, suspension matter, both organic and inorganic, alkalinity, free and total CO2, HCO3 -, O2, NO3 -,NH4 +, NTD, NT, PSR,PTD, PT e N:P). The phytoplankton community attributes (diversity, equitability, abundance and biomass expressed in biovolume mm3.L-1) and the cyanotoxin determination (microcistins, saxitoxins e cylindrospermopsin) by HPLC technique and ELISA were also analysed. We have identified 28 phitoplankton taxa, 20 cyanobacteria taxa (71%), 5 cloroficeae (18%) and 4 diatomacea (14%). Among the cyanobacteria, 50% are potentially toxic, distributed in 12 genera represented by 12 species. Four of these genera are not typical of their representative species (cf.) and four were identified in the genera level. Nostocales e Chroococcales were the orders better represented, with 10 and 8 taxa respectively, followed by Oscillatoriales with 3 taxa. The taxa are distributed in the following families: Nostocaceae (5genera/10species), Anabaena sp, Anabaena sp1, A.circinalis, A. viguieri, Aphanizomenon gracile, Aphanizomenon cf. manguinii, Aphanizomenon cf. issatschenkoi, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Cylindrospermum sp e Raphidiopsis mediterranea; Merismopediaceae (3genera-3species), Coelomoron tropicalis, Snowella cf. lacustris, Sphaerocavun brasiliense; Microcistaceae (1genus-4species), Microcystis sp, M. protocystis, M. panniformis e M. novacekii; Pseudanabaenaceae (1genus/1specie), Geitlerinema unigranulatum; Oscillatoriaceae (1genus/1specie), Lyngbya sp; Phormidiaceae (1genus/1specie), Planktothrix agardhii. The species of Cyilindrospermopsis raciborskii, Microcyistis panniformis, M. protocystis, Aphanizomenon gracile and Aphanizomenon cf. manguinii had larger relative abundance (90-97%) and formed mixed, toxic, intense and alternated blooms during the 2000 annual cycle. The system presented polimitic circulation, with stratification during the rainy season and homoiothermal conditions in the dry season. The short time period btween the investigations made possible to verify the existence and intensity of disturbance in the system, allowing better evaluation and understanding of the forces controlling structure and succession patterns in the phitopkankton community. In the dry season the wind enabled the photic layer circulation in the system (Zeu=3m), influencing the nutrient availability and phitoplankton distribution pattern, providing the community with more stability. Climatic conditions and physical processes inherent to the reservoir were determinant to the thermal circulation in the system and mixing of deep layers. The environmental variables of larger influence in the cyanobacteria distribution were PSR, PT, NTD, CO2, Zeu, rains, and wind. The variation of these factors promoted the establishment of ecologically distinct periods, described using the functional groups approach by Reynolds et al. (2000). Therefore, we have identified the Cylindrospermopsis (Sn) dominance during rains, both thermallly and quimic stratificated, slow winds, low Zeu, low CO3 - and CO2 and high NH4 + and N:P values. Microcystis spp (M) dominated from the beginning of drought and system destratification, with higher Zeu, low NO3 - and PSR and high NH4 + and N:P levels. During drought, period of mixing column water, low Zeu, high NO3 -, PSR and low NH4 + and N:P levels, associations of H (Aphanizomenon spp, Anabaena spp), S1 (Planktothrix agardhii e Limnothrix), Chlorophyceae (F) and Bacillariophyeae (P), all associations adapted to poor light environments, coexisted maintaining larger uniformity in the biomass distribution. The presence of C. raciborskii in different environmental conditions confirms this species great niche amplitude and suggests less efficiency of their adaptive physiological specificity when comparing to Microcystis and Aphanizomenon, since it coexisted maintaining significant biomass during all annual cycle. The microcistinas (8.8 µg l-1/crude water and 0,26 µg/L-1/treated water) and saxitoxinas presence (3,14 µg l-1/gross water) points a permanent risk for domestic supply waters. The ingestion of small doses of microcistins, in the long term, by local population trough its accumulation in fish musculature has also to be considered, due to its potential capacity to promote carcinogens hepatic tumors. The prevalence of saxitoxin in the crude water (60%) alerts to the probability of larger distribution of this toxin in fresh water, more than what its knowm of today, specially in the semi-arid Brazil. The presence of cyanobacteria in treated water (8,2 x105 cel.mL-1) revels inefficiency in the cells removal in the ETAs and indicates the urgent need for regular monitoring, bloom control measures implementation, and inspection recommended by Brazil s Health Ministry, aiming the water quality and public health improvement.